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Transmission peak degeneracies (TPDs) have emerged as a promising alternative to exceptional points (EPs) for non-Hermitian sensing, providing square-root frequency splitting without the eigenbasis collapse and associated noise…

The exceptional points (EPs) aroused from the non-Hermiticity bring rich phenomena, such as exceptional nodal topologies, unidirectional invisibility, single-mode lasing, sensitivity enhancement and energy harvesting. Isolated high-order…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-19 Yang Wu , Yunhan Wang , Xiangyu Ye , Wenquan Liu , Zhibo Niu , Chang-Kui Duan , Ya Wang , Xing Rong , Jiangfeng Du

Exceptional points (EPs) are degeneracies in open wave systems where at least two energy levels and their corresponding eigenstates coalesce. We report evidence of the existence of EPs in 3D plasmonic nanostructures. The systems are…

Optics · Physics 2017-02-02 Ashok Kodigala , Thomas Lepetit , Boubacar Kanté

Non-Hermitian physics enriches the topological attributes of non-Abelian systems. Non-Abelian systems characterized by noncommutative braid patterns are associated with intriguing physical features and applications. Non-Abelian braiding of…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-30 Samit Kumar Gupta

The appearance of topological singularities, namely exceptional points (EPs) is an intriguing feature of parameter-dependent open quantum or wave systems. EPs are the special type of nonHermitian degeneracies where two (or more) eigenstates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-18 Sayan Bhattacherjee , Arnab Laha , Somnath Ghosh

Non-Hermitian systems have been at the center of intense research for over a decade, partly due to their nontrivial energy topology formed by intersecting Riemann manifolds with branch points known as exceptional points (EPs). This spectral…

Among the most intriguing features of non-Hermitian (NH) systems is the ability of complex energies to form braids under parametric variation. Several braiding behaviors, including link and knot formation, have been observed in experiments…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-25 Bofeng Zhu , Qiang Wang , You Wang , Qi Jie Wang , Y. D. Chong

Photonic systems with exceptional points, where eigenvalues and corresponding eigenstates coalesce, have attracted interest due to their topological features and enhanced sensitivity to external perturbations. Non-Hermitian mode-coupling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 B. M. Rodriguez-Lara , H. Ghaemi-Dizicheh , S. Dehdashti , A. Hanke , A. Touhami , J. Nötzel

The exotic physics emerging at singularities has long attracted intense theoretical and experimental attention. In non-Hermitian systems, exceptional points (EPs), unique spectral singularities, have given rise to a host of intriguing wave…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-14 Kai Bai , Chen Lin , Jia-Zheng Li , Meng Xiao

Braiding has attracted significant attention in physics because of its important role in describing the fundamental exchange of particles. Infusing the braiding with topological protection will make it robust against imperfections and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-03 Xiao-Ming Wang , Jiaying Xu , Xulong Wang , Zhen Li , Guancong Ma

Photonic topological edge states in one-dimensional dimer chains have long been thought to be robust to structural perturbations by mapping the topological Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model of a solid-state system. However, the edge states at the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-07-10 Zhiwei Guo , Tengzhou Zhang , Juan Song , Haitao Jiang , Hong Chen

The energy level degeneracies, also known as exceptional points (EPs), are crucial for comprehending emerging phenomena in materials and enabling innovative functionalities for devices. Since EPs were proposed over half a century age, only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Yang Wu , Dongfanghao Zhu , Yunhan Wang , Xing Rong , Jiangfeng Du

The nature of complex eigenenergy enables unique band topology to the non-Hermitian (NH) lattice systems. Recently, there has been a fast growing interest in the elusive winding and braiding topologies of the NH single and double bands,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-12-16 Qicheng Zhang , Luekai Zhao , Xun Liu , Xiling Feng , Liwei Xiong , Wenquan Wu , Chunyin Qiu

The fermion doubling theorem plays a pivotal role in Hermitian topological materials. It states, for example, that Weyl points must come in pairs in three-dimensional semimetals. Here, we present an extension of the doubling theorem to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 Zhesen Yang , A. P. Schnyder , Jiangping Hu , Ching-Kai Chiu

Complex spectra of dissipative quantum systems may exhibit degeneracies known as exceptional points (EPs). At these points the systems' dynamics may undergo drastic changes. Phenomena associated with EPs and their applications have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 Andrei I. Pavlov , Yuval Gefen , Alexander Shnirman

Exceptional points (EPs) are central to non-Hermitian physics because of their unique properties and broad application prospects. While extensively studied in parity-time ($\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$)-symmetric systems and under Markovian…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-15 H. Z. Shen , X. C. Zhang , L. Y. Ning , Zhi-Guang Lu , Yan-Hui Zhou , Cheng Shang

Exceptional points are complex-valued spectral singularities that lead to a host of intriguing features such as loss-induced transparency - a counterintuitive process in which an increase in the system's overall loss can lead to enhanced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-13 Konrad Tschernig , Kurt Busch , Demetrios N. Christodoulides , Armando Perez-Leija

Eigenstates of a non-Hermitian system exist on complex Riemannian manifolds, with multiple sheets connecting at branch cuts and exceptional points (EPs). These eigenstates can evolve across different sheets, a process that naturally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-18 Weiyuan Tang , Kun Ding , Guancong Ma

We study a new class of non-Hermitian topological phases in three dimension in the absence of any symmetry, where the topological robust band degeneracies are Hopf-link exceptional lines. As a concrete example, we investigate the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-12-17 Zhesen Yang , Jiangping Hu

Compared with Hermitian theory, non-Hermitian physics offers a fundamentally different mathematical framework, enabling the observation of topological phenomena that have no analogue in Hermitian systems. Among these, the exceptional point…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-24 Zhong-Sheng Chen , Wei-Xin Chen , Fan Wu , Zhong-Wei Xu , Jing Ma , Yun-Kun Jiang , Huai-Zhi Wu , Shi-Biao Zheng