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We investigate the dynamics of a magnetoelastic robot with a dipolar magnetic head and a slender elastic body as it performs undulatory strokes and burrows through water-saturated granular beds. The robot is actuated by an oscillating…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-03-12 Animesh Biswas , Trinh Huynh , Balaram Desai , Max Moss , Arshad Kudrolli

Animals achieve robust locomotion by offloading regulation from the brain to physical couplings within the body. In contrast, locomotion in artificial systems often depends on centralized processors. We introduce a rapid and autonomous…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-16 Alberto Comoretto , Harmannus A. H. Schomaker , Johannes T. B. Overvelde

Soft robots, in contrast to their rigid counter parts, have infinite degrees of freedom that are coupled with their interaction with the environment. We consider the locomotion of an untethered robot, in the granular medium, comprised of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Yayun Du , Jacqueline Lam , Karunesh Sachanandani , Mohammad Khalid Jawed

Integrating Brain-Machine Interfaces into non-clinical applications like robot motion control remains difficult - despite remarkable advancements in clinical settings. Specifically, EEG-based motor imagery systems are still error-prone,…

Follow-the-leader (FTL) motion is essential for continuum robots operating in fragile and confined environments. It allows the robot to exert minimal force on its surroundings, reducing the risk of damage. This paper presents a novel design…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Chen Qian , Tangyou Liu , Liao Wu

Variable stiffness is a key capability in biological and robotic systems, enabling adaptive interaction across tasks and environments. Mechanical metamaterials offer an alternative to conventional mechatronic solutions by encoding stiffness…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-06 Hugo de Souza Oliveira , Michele Curatolo , Renate Sachse , Edoardo Milana

Topology optimization is a powerful tool utilized in various fields for structural design. However, its application has primarily been restricted to static or passively moving objects, mainly focusing on hard materials with limited…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Changyoung Yuhn , Yuki Sato , Hiroki Kobayashi , Atsushi Kawamoto , Tsuyoshi Nomura

This paper introduces a novel approach for modeling the dynamics of soft robots, utilizing a differentiable filter architecture. The proposed approach enables end-to-end training to learn system dynamics, noise characteristics, and temporal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Xiao Liu , Shuhei Ikemoto , Yuhei Yoshimitsu , Heni Ben Amor

Balancing oneself using the spine is a physiological alignment of the body posture in the most efficient manner by the muscular forces for mammals. For this reason, we can see many disabled quadruped animals can still stand or walk even…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yuhong Huang , Zhenshan Bing , Zitao Zhang , Genghang Zhuang , Kai Huang , Alois Knoll

Dissipative environments are ubiquitous in nature, from microscopic swimmers in low-Reynolds-number fluids to macroscopic animals in frictional media. In this study, motivated by various behaviours of {\it Caenorhabditis elegans} during…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2025-04-15 Kenta Ishimoto , Clément Moreau , Johann Herault

Soft robotics have gained increased attention from the robotic community due to their unique features such as compliance and human safety. Impressive amount of soft robotic prototypes have shown their superior performance over their rigid…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Yue Chen , Kevin C. Galloway , Isuru S. Godage

This paper proposes a unified robust motion controller for the position and force control problems of compliant robot manipulators driven by Series Elastic Actuators (SEAs). It is shown that the dynamic model of the compliant robot includes…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Emre Sariyildiz

This paper presents the design, modeling, and fabrication of 3D-printed, tendon-actuated continuum robots featuring a flexible, tapered backbone constructed from thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Our scalable design incorporates an…

Bristle bots are vibration-driven robots actuated by the motion of an internal oscillating mass. Vibrations are translated into directed locomotion due to the alternating friction resistance between robots' bristles and the substrate during…

Designing soft robots poses considerable challenges: automated design approaches may be particularly appealing in this field, as they promise to optimize complex multi-material machines with very little or no human intervention.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-20 Francesco Corucci , Nick Cheney , Francesco Giorgio-Serchi , Josh Bongard , Cecilia Laschi

Soft crawling robots exhibit efficient locomotion across various terrains and demonstrate robustness to diverse environmental conditions. Here, we propose a valveless soft-legged robot that integrates a pair of rotary bellows-enclosed soft…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yiming He , Yuchen Wang , Yunjia Zhang , Shuguang Li

Soft underwater robots typically explore bioinspired designs at the expense of power efficiency when compared to traditional underwater robots, which limits their practical use in real-world applications. We leverage a fluidic closed-loop…

This study presents a modular, electronics-free, and fully onboard control and actuation approach for SMA-based soft robots to achieve locomotion tasks. This approach exploits the nonlinear mechanics of compliant curved beams and carefully…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Ziyang Zhou , Suyi Li

Microscopic robots could perform tasks with high spatial precision, such as acting in biological tissues on the scale of individual cells, provided they can reach precise locations. This paper evaluates the feasibility of in vivo locomotion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2014-07-23 Tad Hogg

Jumping is an efficient locomotion strategy to traverse cluttered, uneven, or unstable environments in nature, yet replicating continuous, autonomous leaping in soft robots remains challenging due to limited energy storage and reliance on…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-10-13 Fangjie Qi , Caizhi Zhou , Haitao Qing , Haoze Sun , Jie Yin