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For a graph $G=(V,E)$, a hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$ is called a Berge-$G$, denoted by $BG$, if there exists a bijection $f: E(G) \to E(\mathcal{H})$ such that for every $e \in E(G)$, $e \subseteq f(e)$. Let the Ramsey number $R^r(BG,BG)$ be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-13 Nika Salia , Casey Tompkins , Zhiyu Wang , Oscar Zamora

An edge-ordered graph is a graph with a linear ordering of its edges. Two edge-ordered graphs are equivalent if their is an isomorphism between them preserving the ordering of the edges. The edge-ordered Ramsey number $r_{edge}(H; q)$ of an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-22 Jacob Fox , Ray Li

We give two lower bound formulas for multicolored Ramsey numbers. These formulas improve the bounds for several small multicolored Ramsey numbers.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aaron Robertson

The Ramsey number $r(t;\ell)$ is the smallest $n$ such that every $\ell$-coloring of the edges of $K_n$ gives a monochromatic $K_{t}$. In recent years, there have been several improvements on asymptotic lower bounds for these numbers when…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Yamaan Attwa , Albert López Vidal , Patrick Morris

The restricted online Ramsey numbers were introduced by Conlon, Fox, Grinshpun and He in 2019. In a recent paper, Briggs and Cox studied the restricted online Ramsey numbers of matchings and determined a general upper bound for them. They…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Vojtěch Dvořák

A result of Erd\"os and R\'enyi shows that for a fixed integer n almost all graphs satisfy the n-e.c. adjacency property. However, there are few explicit constructions of n e.c. graphs for n > 2, and almost all known families of n-e.c.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-07-26 Natalie Mullin

$\Theta_6$-Graphs graphs are important geometric graphs that have many applications especially in wireless sensor networks. They are equivalent to Delaunay graphs where empty equilateral triangles take the place of empty circles. We…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Therese Biedl , Ahmad Biniaz , Veronika Irvine , Kshitij Jain , Philipp Kindermann , Anna Lubiw

Ramsey theory is a central and active branch of combinatorics. Although Ramsey numbers for graphs have been extensively investigated since Ramsey's work in the 1930s, there is still an exponential gap between the best known lower and upper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-03 António Girão , Gal Kronenberg , Alex Scott

The Birkhoff graph $\mathcal{B}_n$ is the Cayley graph of the symmetric group $S_n$, where two permutations are adjacent if they differ by a single cycle. Our main result is a tighter upper bound on the independence number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-13 Leonardo Nagami Coregliano , Fernando Granha Jeronimo

In 1983, Burr and Erd\H{o}s initiated the study of Ramsey goodness problems.Nikiforov and Rousseau (2009) resolved almost all goodness questions raised by Burr and Erd\H{o}s, in which the bounds on the parameters are of tower type since…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-08 Chunchao Fan , Qizhong Lin

In this paper, we obtain upper bounds for the geometric Ramsey numbers of trees. We prove that $R_c(T_n,H_m)=(n-1)(m-1)+1$ if $T_n$ is a caterpillar and $H_m$ is a Hamiltonian outerplanar graph on $m$ vertices. Moreover, if $T_n$ has at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-13 Pu Gao

For two graphs $G$ and $H$, the Ramsey number $r(G,H)$ is the smallest positive integer $r$, such that any red/blue coloring of the edges of the graph $K_r$ contains either a red subgraph that is isomorphic to $G$ or a blue subgraph that is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-26 Sh. Haghi , H. R. Maimani , A. Seify

The Ramsey number $r_k(s,n)$ is the smallest integer $N$ such that every $N$-vertex $k$-graph contains either a copy of $K_s^{(k)}$ or an independent set of size $n$. We prove that $r_4(5,n)\ge 2^{2^{cn^{1/7}}}$, where $c>0$ is an absolute…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Longma Du , Xinyu Hu , Ruilong Liu , Guanghui Wang

Given graphs $G, H$ and an integer $q \ge 2$, the generalized Ramsey number, denoted $r(G,H,q)$, is the minimum number of colours needed to edge-colour $G$ such that every copy of $H$ receives at least $q$ colours. In this paper, we prove…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-06 Andrew Lane , Natasha Morrison

In this paper we define new numbers called the Neo-Ramsay numbers. We show that these numbers are in fact equal to the Ramsay numbers. Neo-Ramsey numbers are easy to compute and for finding them it is not necessary to check all possible…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Dhananjay P. Mehendale

We show that any graded digraph $D$ on $n$ vertices with maximum degree $\Delta$ has an oriented Ramsey number of at most $C^\Delta n$ for some absolute constant $C > 1$, improving upon a recent result of Fox, He, and Wigderson. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-03 Patryk Morawski , Yuval Wigderson

For a partially ordered set $(A, \le)$, let $G_A$ be the simple, undirected graph with vertex set $A$ such that two vertices $a \neq b\in A$ are adjacent if either $a \le b$ or $b \le a$. We call $G_A$ the \emph{partial order graph} or…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-22 Ayman Badawi , Roswitha Rissner

The 3-uniform tight cycle $C_s^3$ has vertex set $ Z_s$ and edge set $\{\{i, i+1, i+2\}: i \in Z_s\}$. We prove that for every $s \not\equiv 0$ (mod 3) and $s \ge 16$ or $s \in \{8,11,14\}$ there is a $c_s>0$ such that the 3-uniform…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-10 Dhruv Mubayi

We extend previous work by using a combination of band surgeries and known bounds to compute $\gamma_4(T_{4n, (2n\pm1)^2 + 4n-2}) = 2n-1$ for all $n \geq 1$. We further generalize this result by showing that $\gamma_4(T_{4n + 2k, n(4n + 2k)…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-07-31 Shreya Sinha

In 1995 Kim famously proved the Ramsey bound R(3,t) \ge c t^2/\log t by constructing an n-vertex graph that is triangle-free and has independence number at most C \sqrt{n \log n}. We extend this celebrated result, which is best possible up…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-06 He Guo , Lutz Warnke