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For graphs $F_n$ and $G_n$ of order $n$, if $R(F_n, G_n)=(\chi(G_n)-1)(n-1)+\sigma(G_n)$, then $F_n$ is said to be $G_n$-good, where $\sigma(G_n)$ is the minimum size of a color class among all proper vertex-colorings of $G_n$ with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-29 Chaoping Pei , Yusheng Li

In this paper, we address problems related to parameters concerning edge mappings of graphs. Inspired by Ramsey's Theorem, the quantity $m(G, H)$ is defined to be the minimum number $n$ such that for every $f: E(K_n) \rightarrow E(K_n)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-05 Yair Caro , Balázs Patkós , Zsolt Tuza , Máté Vizer

The Ramsey number $R(s, t)$ is the smallest positive integer $n$ such that every graph on $n$ vertices contains either a clique of size $s$ or an independent set of size $t$. An $R(s,t)$-critical graph is a graph on $R(s,t)-1$ vertices that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-08 Dinesh Pandey , Peruvemba Sundaram Ravi

Set multipartite Ramsey numbers were introduced in 2004, ge-neralizing the celebrated Ramsey numbers. Let $C_4$ denote the four cycle and let $K_{1,n}$ denote the star on $n+1$ vertices. In this paper we investigate bounds on $C_4-K_{1,n}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-18 Claudia J. F. Gonçalves , Emerson L. Monte Carmelo , Irene N. Nakaoka

Given a family of graphs $\mathcal{F}$ and an integer $r$, we say that a graph is $r$-Ramsey for $\mathcal{F}$ if any $r$-colouring of its edges admits a monochromatic copy of a graph from $\mathcal{F}$. The threshold for the classic Ramsey…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-27 Eden Kuperwasser , Wojciech Samotij

Since 2002, the best known upper bound on the Ramsey numbers R n (3) = R(3,. .. , 3) is R n (3) $\le$ n!(e -- 1/6) + 1 for all n $\ge$ 4. It is based on the current estimate R 4 (3) $\le$ 62. We show here how any closing-in on R 4 (3)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-19 Shalom Eliahou

A numbering $f$ of a graph $G$ of order $n$ is a labeling that assigns distinct elements of the set $\left\{ 1,2,\ldots ,n\right\} $ to the vertices of $G$, where each $uv\in E\left( G\right) $ is labeled $f\left( u\right) +f\left( v\right)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-13 Rikio Ichishima , Francesc A Muntaner-Batle , Yukio Takahashi

In this note we establish a Ramsey-type result for certain subsets of the $n$-dimensional cube. This can then be applied to obtain reasonable bounds on various related structures, such as (partial) Hales-Jewett lines for alphabets of sized…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-07-11 Ron Graham , Jozsef Solymosi

The Ramsey number $r_k(s,n)$ is the smallest integer $N$ such that every $N$-vertex $k$-graph contains either a copy of $K_s^{(k)}$ or an independent set of size $n$. A well-known conjecture of Erd\H{o}s and Hajnal states that for any fixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Chunchao Fan , Mingze Li , Qizhong Lin , Bo Ning

Given a graph $G$ and a positive integer $k$, define the \emph{Gallai-Ramsey number} to be the minimum number of vertices $n$ such that any $k$-edge coloring of $K_n$ contains either a rainbow (all different colored) triangle or a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-08 Yaping Mao , Zhao Wang , Colton Magnant , Ingo Schiermeyer

For a positive integer $r$, let $G(r)$ be the smallest $N$ such that, whenever the edges of the Cartesian product $K_N \times K_N$ are $r$-coloured, then there is a rectangle in which both pairs of opposite edges receive the same colour. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-26 Luka Milićević

Let $G, H$ be finite graphs without loops or multiple edges and $K_n$ denote the complete graph on $n$ vertices. If for every red/blue colouring of edges of the complete graph $K_n$, there exists a red copy of $G$, or a blue copy of $H$, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-14 C. J. Jayawardene , J. N. Senadheera , K. A. S. N. Fernando , W. C. W Navaratna

We prove that for all graphs with at most $(3.75-o(1))n$ edges there exists a 2-coloring of the edges such that every monochromatic path has order less than $n$. This was previously known to be true for graphs with at most $2.5n-7.5$ edges.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-05 Deepak Bal , Louis DeBiasio

A graph is called Rank-Ramsey if (i) Its clique number is small, and (ii) The adjacency matrix of its complement has small rank. We initiate a systematic study of such graphs. Our main motivation is that their constructions, as well as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-21 Gal Beniamini , Nati Linial , Adi Shraibman

For graphs $G_1, G_2, G_3$, the three-color Ramsey number $R(G_1,$ $G_2, G_3)$ is the smallest integer $n$ such that if we arbitrarily color the edges of the complete graph of order $n$ with 3 colors, then it contains a monochromatic copy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-29 Janusz Dybizbański , Tomasz Dzido , Stanisław Radziszowski

Two new bounds for multicolor Ramsey numbers are proved: $R(K_3,K_3,C_4,C_4)\geq 27$ and $R_4(C_4)\leq 19$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander Engstrom

We prove that for all $k \ge 3$ and any integers $\Delta, n$ with $n \ge 2^\Delta,$ there exists a $k$-graph on $n$ vertices with maximum degree at most $\Delta$ such that $r(H)\geq\tw_{k-1}(c_k \Delta) \cdot n$ for some constant $c_k > 0$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Chunchao Fan , Qizhong Lin

Burr and Erd\H{o}s in 1975 conjectured, and Chv\'atal, R\"odl, Szemer\'edi and Trotter later proved, that the Ramsey number of any bounded degree graph is linear in the number of vertices. In this paper, we disprove the natural directed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-25 Jacob Fox , Xiaoyu He , Yuval Wigderson

We consider the Erdos-Renyi random graph G(n,p) inside the critical window, that is when p=1/n+ lambda*n^{-4/3}, for some fixed lambda in R. Then, as a metric space with the graph distance rescaled by n^{-1/3}, the sequence of connected…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-05-06 Louigi Addario-Berry , Nicolas Broutin , Christina Goldschmidt

We show that the size-Ramsey number of any cubic graph with $n$ vertices is $O(n^{8/5})$, improving a bound of $n^{5/3 + o(1)}$ due to Kohayakawa, R\"{o}dl, Schacht, and Szemer\'{e}di. The heart of the argument is to show that there is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-25 David Conlon , Rajko Nenadov , Miloš Trujić