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The ubiquity of systems using artificial intelligence or "AI" has brought increasing attention to how those systems should be regulated. The choice of how to regulate AI systems will require care. AI systems have the potential to synthesize…

Artificial intelligence (AI) governance is the body of standards and practices used to ensure that AI systems are deployed responsibly. Current AI governance approaches consist mainly of manual review and documentation processes. While such…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Sean McGregor , Jesse Hostetler

Algorithmic decision support (ADS), using Machine-Learning-based AI, is becoming a major part of many processes. Organizations introduce ADS to improve decision-making and use available data, thereby possibly limiting deviations from the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Joachim Meyer

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in high-risk, decision-making scenarios presents technical, safety, and normative challenges; problems that may only be ameliorated by human oversight. However, notions of human oversight lack a…

Rising concern for the societal implications of artificial intelligence systems has inspired a wave of academic and journalistic literature in which deployed systems are audited for harm by investigators from outside the organizations…

The current advancement in and deployment of agentic AI systems has created a set of key challenges for the legal frameworks that govern their use. We cover two central components: first, the regulatory classification of agents under the EU…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Philipp Hacker , Matthias Holweg

Intelligent autonomous systems are part of a system of systems that interact with other agents to accomplish tasks in complex environments. However, intelligent autonomous systems integrated system of systems add additional layers of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Scott A. Humr , Mustafa Canan , Mustafa Demir

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to analyze large amounts of data in various practices, such as object recognition. We are specifically interested in using AI-powered systems to engage local communities in developing plans…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Yen-Chia Hsu , Ting-Hao 'Kenneth' Huang , Himanshu Verma , Andrea Mauri , Illah Nourbakhsh , Alessandro Bozzon

Governance efforts for artificial intelligence (AI) are taking on increasingly more concrete forms, drawing on a variety of approaches and instruments from hard regulation to standardisation efforts, aimed at mitigating challenges from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Charlotte Stix

Autonomous Robotics Systems are inherently safety-critical and have complex safety issues to consider (for example, a safety failure can lead to a safety failure). Before they are deployed, these systems of have to show evidence that they…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Matt Luckcuck , Marie Farrell

The rapid adoption of AI across diverse domains has led to the development of organisational guidelines that vary significantly, even within the same sector. This paper examines AI policies in two domains, news organisations and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Lucie-Aimée Kaffee , Pepa Atanasova , Anna Rogers

Autonomous and intelligent systems (AIS) facilitate a wide range of beneficial applications across a variety of different domains. However, technical characteristics such as unpredictability and lack of transparency, as well as potential…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Lukas D. Pöhler , Klaus Diepold , Wendell Wallach

We outline a comprehensive framework for artificial intelligence (AI) Application Operations (AIAppOps), based on real-world experiences from diverse organizations. Data-driven projects pose additional challenges to organizations due to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Daniel Jönsson , Mattias Tiger , Stefan Ekberg , Daniel Jakobsson , Mattias Jonhede , Fredrik Viksten

Testing of autonomous systems is extremely important as many of them are both safety-critical and security-critical. The architecture and mechanism of such systems are fundamentally different from traditional control software, which appears…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Qunying Song , Emelie Engström , Per Runeson

This paper presents a computational account of how legal norms can influence the behavior of artificial intelligence (AI) agents, grounded in the active inference framework (AIF) that is informed by principles of economic legal analysis…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Axel Constant , Mahault Albarracin , Karl J. Friston

Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in automation systems are usually distributed systems whose development and integration involve several experts. Each expert uses its own domain-specific modeling language and tools to model the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Marvin Schieseck , Philip Topalis , Alexander Fay

Companies dealing with Artificial Intelligence (AI) models in Autonomous Systems (AS) face several problems, such as users' lack of trust in adverse or unknown conditions, gaps between software engineering and AI model development, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Silverio Martínez-Fernández , Xavier Franch , Andreas Jedlitschka , Marc Oriol , Adam Trendowicz

Autonomous systems are often deployed in complex sociotechnical environments, such as public roads, where they must behave safely and securely. Unlike many traditionally engineered systems, autonomous systems are expected to behave…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Georgios Bakirtzis , Steven Carr , David Danks , Ufuk Topcu

Specifying the intended behaviour of autonomous systems is becoming increasingly important but is fraught with many challenges. This technical report provides an overview of existing work on specifications of autonomous systems and places a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-21 Andrew Sogokon , Burak Yuksek , Gokhan Inalhan , Neeraj Suri

Autonomous AI systems generate responsibility gaps: consequential actions that cannot be satisfactorily attributed to developers, operators, or users under existing legal frameworks. The prevailing subject-object dichotomy fails to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Karsten Brensing