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The q-rational numbers and the q-irrational numbers are introduced by S. Morier-Genoud and V. Ovsienko. In this paper, we focus on q-real quadratic irrational numbers, especially q-metallic numbers and q-rational sequences which converge to…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2022-10-13 Xin Ren

Let p_n denote the persistence probability that the first n iterated partial sums of integrable, zero-mean, i.i.d. random variables X_k, are negative. We show that p_n is bounded above up to universal constant by the square root of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-02-01 Amir Dembo , Fuchang Gao

The history of linear differential equations is over 350 years. By using Frobenius method and putting the power series expansion into linear differential equations, the recursive relation of coefficients starts to appear. There can be…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-11-07 Yoon Seok Choun

We consider the real number $\sigma$ with continued fraction expansion $[a_0, a_1, a_2,\ldots] = [1,2,1,4,1,2,1,8,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,16,\ldots]$, where $a_i$ is the largest power of $2$ dividing $i+1$. We compute the irrationality measure of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-05-05 Dzmitry Badziahin , Jeffrey Shallit

We study the distribution of consecutive sums of two squares in arithmetic progressions. We show that for any odd squarefree modulus $q$, any two reduced congruence classes $a_1$ and $a_2$ mod $q$, and any $r_1,r_2 \ge 1$, a positive…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-17 Noam Kimmel , Vivian Kuperberg

This paper contains an algebraic constructive and self-contained account of the invariance rule of the digital root under division for an arbitrary natural basis representation. Both the cases of repeating and non-repeating fractionals are…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-11 Lucas T. Cardoso , Glauber Quadros

We consider random $n\times n$ matrices $X$ with independent and centered entries and a general variance profile. We show that the spectral radius of $X$ converges with very high probability to the square root of the spectral radius of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-29 Johannes Alt , Laszlo Erdos , Torben Krüger

The nonlinear recurrences we consider here include simple continued fractions for the Golden & Silver means and a parametric family of cubics in connection with Abel's functional equation.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-18 Steven Finch

We provide an upper bound on the uniform exponent of approximation to a triple (xi, xi^2, xi^3) by rational numbers with the same denominator, valid for any transcendental real number xi. This upper bound refines a previous result of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-05-13 Damien Roy

Fractional parts of the first $N$ natural numbers fill the unit interval with asymptotically uniform density. However, the gaps around rational points shrink at an asymptotically lower rate $N^{-1/2}$, and their widths scale with the Thomae…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-29 Simon Čopar

A point (x1, x2) with coordinates in a subfield of R of transcendence degree one over Q, with 1, x1, x2 linearly independent over Q, may have a uniform exponent of approximation by elements of Q^2 that is strictly larger than the lower…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-22 Damien Roy

We prove that if a rescaled mean curvature flow is a global graph over the round cylinder with small gradient and converges super-exponentially fast, then it must coincide with the cylinder itself. We also show that the result is sharp with…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Yiqi Huang , Xinrui Zhao

We study explicit continued fraction expansions for certain series. Some of these expansions have symmetry that generalizes some remarkable examples discovered independently by Kmosek and Shallit. Furthermore, we prove the following…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-03-15 Henry Cohn

In various areas of applied numerics, the problem of calculating the logarithm of a matrix A emerges. Since series expansions of the logarithm usually do not converge well for matrices far away from the identity, the standard numerical…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2007-07-19 Gernot Schaller

Motivated by partition regularity problems of homogeneous quadratic equations, we prove multiple recurrence and convergence results for multiplicative measure preserving actions with iterates given by rational sequences involving…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-07-17 Nikos Frantzikinakis

An Engel series is a sum of reciprocals of a non-decreasing sequence $(x_n)$ of positive integers, which is such that each term is divisible by the previous one, and a Pierce series is an alternating sum of the reciprocals of a sequence…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-03 Andrew N. W. Hone , Juan Luis Varona

In this paper, we consider the polynomial and exponential convergence rate of weighted Birkhoff averages of irrational rotations on tori. It is shown that these can be achieved for finite and infinite dimensional tori which correspond to…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-09-18 Zhicheng Tong , Yong Li

The problem of root mean square approximation of a square integrable function by finite linear combinations of exponential functions is considered. It is subdivided into linear and nonlinear parts. The linear approximation problem is…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Ruslan Sharipov

By making use of the multiplicate form of the extended Carlitz inverse series relations, we establish two general `dual' theorems of Jackson's summation formula for well--poised $_8\phi_7$-series. Their duplicate forms under the partition…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-31 Xiaojing Chen , Wenchang Chu

We investigate finite and infinite nested square root formulas convergent to unity.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2019-06-25 Benjamin Edun