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Time series forecasting predicts future values from past data. In real-world settings, some anomalous events have lasting effects and influence the forecast, while others are short-lived and should be ignored. Standard forecasting models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Joel Ekstrand , Zahra Taghiyarrenani , Slawomir Nowaczyk

The problem of estimating trend and seasonal variation in time-series data has been studied over several decades, although mostly using single time series. This paper studies the problem of estimating these components from functional data,…

Applications · Statistics 2017-04-25 Liang-Hsuan Tai , Anuj Srivastava , Kyle A. Gallivan

Normalizing Flows (NFs) are a class of generative models distinguished by a mathematically invertible architecture, where the forward pass transforms data into a latent space for density estimation, and the reverse pass generates new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Yang Chen , Xiaowei Xu , Shuai Wang , Chenhui Zhu , Ruxue Wen , Xubin Li , Tiezheng Ge , Limin Wang

Recent studies have suggested frequency-domain Data augmentation (DA) is effec tive for time series prediction. Existing frequency-domain augmentations disturb the original data with various full-spectrum noises, leading to excess domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Kai Zhao , Zuojie He , Alex Hung , Dan Zeng

Multivariate time-series forecasting holds immense value across diverse applications, requiring methods to effectively capture complex temporal and inter-variable dynamics. A key challenge lies in uncovering the intrinsic patterns that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Liang Yu , Lai Tu , Xiang Bai

Probabilistic forecasting of irregularly sampled multivariate time series with missing values is an important problem in many fields, including health care, astronomy, and climate. State-of-the-art methods for the task estimate only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Vijaya Krishna Yalavarthi , Randolf Scholz , Stefan Born , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

Currently, iTransformer is one of the most popular and effective models for multivariate time series (MTS) forecasting. Thanks to its inverted framework, iTransformer effectively captures multivariate correlation. However, the inverted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Hongming Tan , Ting Chen , Ruochong Jin , Wai Kin Chan

In modelling time series data coming from different sources, frequencies can easily vary since some variable can be measured at higher frequencies, others, at lower frequencies. Given data measured over spatial units and at varying…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-05 Vladimir A. Malabanan , Joseph Ryan G. Lansangan , Erniel B. Barrios

Conformal Prediction offers a powerful framework for quantifying uncertainty in machine learning models, enabling the construction of prediction sets with finite-sample validity guarantees. While easily adaptable to non-probabilistic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-27 Eshant English , Christoph Lippert

Along with the widespread adoption of high-dimensional data, traditional statistical methods face significant challenges in handling problems with high correlation of variables, heavy-tailed distribution, and coexistence of sparse and dense…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-04 Xiaoyang Wei , Yanlin Tang , Xu Guo , Meiling Hao , Yanmei Shi

Weather and climate data are often available at limited temporal resolution, either due to storage limitations, or in the case of weather forecast models based on deep learning, their inherently long time steps. The coarse temporal…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-10-25 Jussi Leinonen , Boris Bonev , Thorsten Kurth , Yair Cohen

Data assimilation is a vital component in modern global medium-range weather forecasting systems to obtain the best estimation of the atmospheric state by combining the short-term forecast and observations. Recently, AI-based data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Kun Chen , Tao Chen , Peng Ye , Hao Chen , Kang Chen , Tao Han , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai

Transformer-based models have achieved remarkable success in multivariate time series forecasting (MTSF) by capturing long-range dependencies. However, their widespread adoption is hindered by the quadratic computational complexity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Fanpu Cao , Shu Yang , Zhengjian Chen , Ye Liu , Laizhong Cui

In this work, we propose an ensemble forecasting approach based on randomized neural networks. Improved randomized learning streamlines the fitting abilities of individual learners by generating network parameters in accordance with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Grzegorz Dudek , Paweł Pełka

Time-series anomaly detection deals with the problem of detecting anomalous timesteps by learning normality from the sequence of observations. However, the concept of normality evolves over time, leading to a "new normal problem", where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Dongmin Kim , Sunghyun Park , Jaegul Choo

This article presents a mathematical study of the problem of identifying a time-dependent source term in transport processes described by a timefractional parabolic equation, based on noisy time-dependent measurements taken at an arbitrary…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-06 Guillermo Federico Umbricht , Diana Rubio

The dynamics of power grids are governed by a large number of nonlinear differential and algebraic equations (DAEs). To safely operate the system, operators need to check that the states described by these DAEs stay within prescribed limits…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-01 Wenqi Cui , Weiwei Yang , Baosen Zhang

Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) have borrowed the long context paradigm from natural language processing under the premise that feeding more history into the model improves forecast quality. But in stochastic domains, distant history…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Rishi Ahuja , Kumar Prateek , Simranjit Singh , Vijay Kumar

In a number of data-driven applications such as detection of arrhythmia, interferometry or audio compression, observations are acquired indistinctly in the time or frequency domains: temporal observations allow us to study the spectral…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-10 Felipe Tobar , Lerko Araya-Hernández , Pablo Huijse , Petar M. Djurić

Multivariate time series forecasting is crucial across various industries, where accurate extraction of complex periodic and trend components can significantly enhance prediction performance. However, existing models often struggle to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Yulong Wang , Yushuo Liu , Xiaoyi Duan , Kai Wang