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In digital pathology, Whole Slide Image (WSI) analysis is usually formulated as a Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) problem. Although transformer-based architectures have been used for WSI classification, these methods require modifications…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Juan I. Pisula , Katarzyna Bozek

Whole Slide Images (WSIs) exhibit hierarchical structure, where diagnostic information emerges from cellular morphology, regional tissue organization, and global context. Existing Computational Pathology (CPath) Multimodal Large Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Basit Alawode , Arif Mahmood , Muaz Khalifa Al-Radi , Shahad Albastaki , Asim Khan , Muhammad Bilal , Moshira Ali Abdalla , Mohammed Bennamoun , Sajid Javed

Pathology computing has dramatically improved pathologists' workflow and diagnostic decision-making processes. Although computer-aided diagnostic systems have shown considerable value in whole slide image (WSI) analysis, the problem of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Yonghuang Wu , Xuan Xie , Xinyuan Niu , Chengqian Zhao , Jinhua Yu

Whole Slide Images (WSIs) provide exceptional detail for studying tissue architecture at the cell level. To study tumour microenvironment (TME) with the context of various protein biomarkers and cell sub-types, analysis and registration of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Adith Jeyasangar , Abdullah Alsalemi , Shan E Ahmed Raza

Histopathological image segmentation is a challenging and important topic in medical imaging with tremendous potential impact in clinical practice. State of the art methods rely on hand-crafted annotations which hinder clinical translation…

Automated classification of histopathological whole-slide images (WSI) of breast tissue requires analysis at very high resolutions with a large contextual area. In this paper, we present context-aware stacked convolutional neural networks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-11 Babak Ehteshami Bejnordi , Guido Zuidhof , Maschenka Balkenhol , Meyke Hermsen , Peter Bult , Bram van Ginneken , Nico Karssemeijer , Geert Litjens , Jeroen van der Laak

Tissue phenotyping is a fundamental computational pathology (CPath) task in learning objective characterizations of histopathologic biomarkers in anatomic pathology. However, whole-slide imaging (WSI) poses a complex computer vision problem…

Histology review is often used as the `gold standard' for disease diagnosis. Computer aided diagnosis tools can potentially help improve current pathology workflows by reducing examination time and interobserver variability. Previous work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Jiayun Li , Wenyuan Li , Arkadiusz Gertych , Beatrice S. Knudsen , William Speier , Corey W. Arnold

In numerous studies, deep learning algorithms have proven their potential for the analysis of histopathology images, for example, for revealing the subtypes of tumors or the primary origin of metastases. These models require large datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Jonathan Ganz , Jonas Ammeling , Samir Jabari , Katharina Breininger , Marc Aubreville

Foundation models have recently achieved impressive success in computational pathology, demonstrating strong generalization across diverse histopathology tasks. However, existing models overlook the heterogeneous and non-uniform…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Di Zhang , Zhangpeng Gong , Xiaobo Pang , Jiashuai Liu , Junbo Lu , Hao Cui , Jiusong Ge , Zhi Zeng , Kai Yi , Yinghua Li , Si Liu , Tingsong Yu , Haoran Wang , Mireia Crispin-Ortuzar , Weimiao Yu , Chen Li , Zeyu Gao

We present a pioneering investigation into the application of deep learning techniques to analyze histopathological images for addressing the substantial challenge of automated prognostic prediction. Prognostic prediction poses a unique…

Whole slide image (WSI) analysis has become increasingly important in the medical imaging community, enabling automated and objective diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic-response prediction. However, in clinical practice, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Yanyan Huang , Weiqin Zhao , Shujun Wang , Yu Fu , Yuming Jiang , Lequan Yu

Deciphering tumor microenvironment from Whole Slide Images (WSIs) is intriguing as it is key to cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment response. While these gigapixel images on one hand offer a comprehensive portrait of cancer, on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Kunpeng Zhang , Hanwen Xu , Sheng Wang

One of the biggest challenges for applying machine learning to histopathology is weak supervision: whole-slide images have billions of pixels yet often only one global label. The state of the art therefore relies on strongly-supervised…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-08 Olivier Dehaene , Axel Camara , Olivier Moindrot , Axel de Lavergne , Pierre Courtiol

Learning high-quality, self-supervised, visual representations is essential to advance the role of computer vision in biomedical microscopy and clinical medicine. Previous work has focused on self-supervised representation learning (SSL)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Cheng Jiang , Xinhai Hou , Akhil Kondepudi , Asadur Chowdury , Christian W. Freudiger , Daniel A. Orringer , Honglak Lee , Todd C. Hollon

In biomedical imaging, deep learning-based methods are state-of-the-art for every modality (virtual slides, MRI, etc.) In histopathology, these methods can be used to detect certain biomarkers or classify lesions. However, such techniques…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Adrien Nivaggioli , Nicolas Pozin , Rémy Peyret , Stéphane Sockeel , Marie Sockeel , Nicolas Nerrienet , Marceau Clavel , Clara Simmat , Catherine Miquel

Histopathological image analysis is the gold standard to diagnose cancer. Carcinoma is a subtype of cancer that constitutes more than 80% of all cancer cases. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are two major subtypes of carcinoma,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-20 Swathi Prabhua , Keerthana Prasada , Antonio Robels-Kelly , Xuequan Lu

Multiple instance learning (MIL) has shown significant promise in histopathology whole slide image (WSI) analysis for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, the inherent spatial heterogeneity of WSIs presents critical challenges, as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Junjian Li , Jin Liu , Hulin Kuang , Hailin Yue , Mengshen He , Jianxin Wang

Automatic outlining of different tissue types in digitized histological specimen provides a basis for follow-up analyses and can potentially guide subsequent medical decisions. The immense size of whole-slide-images (WSI), however, poses a…

Microscopic interpretation of histopathology images underlies many important diagnostic and treatment decisions. While advances in vision-language modeling raise new opportunities for analysis of such images, the gigapixel-scale size of…