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Language models (LMs) are machine learning models designed to predict linguistic patterns by estimating the probability of word sequences based on large-scale datasets, such as text. LMs have a wide range of applications in natural language…

Lately, researchers in artificial intelligence have been really interested in how language and vision come together, giving rise to the development of multimodal models that aim to seamlessly integrate textual and visual information.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Rajat Chawla , Arkajit Datta , Tushar Verma , Adarsh Jha , Anmol Gautam , Ayush Vatsal , Sukrit Chaterjee , Mukunda NS , Ishaan Bhola

Following the recent popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs), several attempts have been made to extend them to the visual domain. From having a visual assistant that could guide us through unfamiliar environments to generative models…

Multimodal Vision Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as a transformative topic at the intersection of computer vision and natural language processing, enabling machines to perceive and reason about the world through both visual and textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Zongxia Li , Xiyang Wu , Hongyang Du , Fuxiao Liu , Huy Nghiem , Guangyao Shi

The Large Visual-Language Models (LVLMs) have significantly advanced image understanding. Their comprehension and reasoning capabilities enable promising applications in autonomous driving scenarios. However, existing research typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Zongchuang Zhao , Haoyu Fu , Dingkang Liang , Xin Zhou , Dingyuan Zhang , Hongwei Xie , Bing Wang , Xiang Bai

With the broader adoption and highly successful development of Large Language Models (LLMs), there has been growing interest and demand for applying LLMs to autonomous driving technology. Driven by their natural language understanding and…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently demonstrated strong performance on a wide range of vision-language tasks, raising interest in their potential use for biometric applications. In this paper, we conduct a systematic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Hatef Otroshi Shahreza , Anjith George , Sébastien Marcel

By integrating the perception capabilities of multimodal encoders with the generative power of Large Language Models (LLMs), Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), exemplified by GPT-4V, have achieved great success in various multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Wenbin An , Jiahao Nie , Yaqiang Wu , Feng Tian , Shijian Lu , Qinghua Zheng

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) offer remarkable benefits for a variety of vision-language tasks. However, a challenge hindering their application in real-world scenarios, particularly regarding safety, robustness, and reliability, is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Jiaying Lu , Jinmeng Rao , Kezhen Chen , Xiaoyuan Guo , Yawen Zhang , Baochen Sun , Carl Yang , Jie Yang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated proficiency in processing di-verse modalities, including text, images, and audio. These models leverage extensive pre-existing knowledge, enabling them to address complex problems…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promising potential in diverse understanding tasks, e.g., image and video analysis, math and physics olympiads. However, they remain blank and unexplored for Small Object Understanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Fujun Han , Junan Chen , Xintong Zhu , Jingqi Ye , Xuanjie Mao , Tao Chen , Peng Ye

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have endowed LLMs with the ability to perceive and understand multi-modal signals. However, most of the existing MLLMs mainly adopt vision encoders pretrained on coarsely aligned image-text pairs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Gongwei Chen , Leyang Shen , Rui Shao , Xiang Deng , Liqiang Nie

The exploration of multimodal language models integrates multiple data types, such as images, text, language, audio, and other heterogeneity. While the latest large language models excel in text-based tasks, they often struggle to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Jiayang Wu , Wensheng Gan , Zefeng Chen , Shicheng Wan , Philip S. Yu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) combine visual and textual data for tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. Proper uncertainty calibration is crucial, yet challenging, for reliable use in areas like healthcare…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Zijun Chen , Wenbo Hu , Guande He , Zhijie Deng , Zheng Zhang , Richang Hong

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) struggle with accurately capturing camera-object relations, especially for object orientation, camera viewpoint, and camera shots. This stems from the fact that existing MLLMs are trained on images…

Visual deep learning (VDL) systems have shown significant success in real-world applications like image recognition, object detection, and autonomous driving. To evaluate the reliability of VDL, a mainstream approach is software testing,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Liwen Wang , Yuanyuan Yuan , Ao Sun , Zongjie Li , Pingchuan Ma , Daoyuan Wu , Shuai Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for automating complex reasoning and decision-making tasks. In telecommunications, they hold the potential to transform network optimization, automate troubleshooting, enhance…

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into automated driving systems has opened new possibilities for reasoning and decision-making by transforming complex driving contexts into language-understandable representations. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Feilong Wang , Fuqiang Liu

This study examines the feasibility of applying large language models (LLMs) for forecasting the impact of traffic incidents on the traffic flow. The use of LLMs for this task has several advantages over existing machine learning-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 George Jagadeesh , Srikrishna Iyer , Michal Polanowski , Kai Xin Thia

Social media's global reach amplifies the spread of information, highlighting the need for robust Natural Language Processing tasks like stance detection across languages and modalities. Prior research predominantly focuses on text-only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Jake Vasilakes , Carolina Scarton , Zhixue Zhao