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Axion and dark photon limits from Crab Nebula high energy gamma-rays

The observation of cosmic sub-PeV gamma-rays from the Crab Nebula opens up the possibility of testing cosmic ray photon transparency at the multi-hundred TeV scale. Assuming no deviation from a source gamma-ray emission due to accelerated…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-03 Xiao-Jun Bi , Yu Gao , Junguang Guo , Nick Houston , Tianjun Li , Fangzhou Xu , Xin Zhang

Multi-TeV Gamma Rays from GRB 221009A: Challenges for Emission Mechanisms, EBL Opacity, and Fundamental Physics

The detection of gamma-ray burst GRB~221009A has attracted significant attention due to its record brightness and the first-ever detection of multi-TeV $\gamma$-rays from a GRB. Located at redshift $z=0.151$, this event is relatively nearby…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-14 Hassan Abdalla

Very high energy gamma-ray emission beyond 10 TeV from GRB 221009A

The highest energy gamma-rays from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have important implications for their radiation mechanism. Here we report for the first time the detection of gamma-rays up to 13 TeV from the brightest GRB 221009A by the Large…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-27 Zhen Cao , F. Aharonian , Q. An , A. Axikegu , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , J. T. Cai , Q. Cao , W. Y. Cao , Zhe Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , A. M. Chen , E. S. Chen , Liang Chen , Lin Chen , Long Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , M. Y. Cui , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , D. della Volpe , X. Q. Dong , K. K. Duan , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , J. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , X. T. Feng , Y. L. Feng , S. Gabici , B. Gao , C. D. Gao , L. Q. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , W. K. Gao , M. M. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. Giacinti , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , F. L. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , Y. A. Han , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. Y. He , X. B. He , Y. He , M. Heller , Y. K. Hor , B. W. Hou , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , Q. Hu , S. C. Hu , D. H. Huang , T. Q. Huang , W. J. Huang , X. T. Huang , X. Y. Huang , Y. Huang , Z. C. Huang , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jia , K. Jiang , X. W. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , M. Jin , M. M. Kang , T. Ke , D. Kuleshov , K. Kurinov , B. B. Li , Cheng Li , Cong Li , D. Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , H. Y. Li , J. Li , Jian Li , Jie Li , K. Li , W. L. Li , W. L. Li , X. R. Li , Xin Li , Y. Z. Li , Zhe Li , Zhuo Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , H. Liu , H. D. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. Y. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. N. Liu , R. Lu , Q. Luo , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , J. R. Mao , Z. Min , W. Mitthumsiri , H. J. Mu , Y. C. Nan , A. Neronov , Z. W. Ou , B. Y. Pang , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , M. Y. Qi , Y. Q. Qi , B. Q. Qiao , J. J. Qin , D. Ruffolo , A. Sáiz , D. Semikoz , C. Y. Shao , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , X. D. Sheng , F. W. Shu , H. C. Song , Yu. V. Stenkin , V. Stepanov , Y. Su , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , P. H. T. Tam , Q. W. Tang , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , C. Wang , C. B. Wang , G. W. Wang , H. G. Wang , H. H. Wang , J. C. Wang , K. Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , P. H. Wang , R. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Y. J. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , Zhen Wang , Zheng Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , S. Wu , X. F. Wu , Y. S. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , D. X. Xiao , G. Xiao , G. G. Xin , Y. L. Xin , Y. Xing , Z. Xiong , D. L. Xu , R. F. Xu , R. X. Xu , W. L. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , J. Z. Yan , T. Yan , C. W. Yang , F. Yang , F. F. Yang , H. W. Yang , J. Y. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , S. B. Yang , Y. H. Yao , Z. G. Yao , Y. M. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Y. H. Yu , Q. Yuan , H. Yue , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , M. Zha , B. B. Zhang , F. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , L. X. Zhang , Li Zhang , P. F. Zhang , P. P. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. B. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Y. F. Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yong Zhang , B. Zhao , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , F. Zheng , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , M. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , X. Zuo

Breaking up the Proton: An Affair with Dark Forces

Deep inelastic scattering of $e^{\pm}$ off protons is sensitive to contributions from "dark photon" exchange. Using HERA data fit to HERA's parton distribution functions, we obtain the model-independent bound $\epsilon \lesssim 0.02$ on the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-01-13 Graham D. Kribs , David McKeen , Nirmal Raj

Fermi Large Area Telescope Constraints on the Gamma-ray Opacity of the Universe

The Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) includes photons with wavelengths from ultraviolet to infrared, which are effective at attenuating gamma rays with energy above ~10 GeV during propagation from sources at cosmological distances. This…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-18 The Fermi LAT , the GBM Collaboration , : , A. A. Abdo

Sensitivity of cosmic-ray experiments to ultra-high-energy photons: reconstruction of the spectrum and limits on the superheavy dark matter

We estimate the sensitivity of various experiments detecting ultra-high-energy cosmic rays to primary photons with energies above 10^19 eV. We demonstrate that the energy of a primary photon may be significantly (up to a factor of ~ 10)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-19 O. E. Kalashev , G. I. Rubtsov , S. V. Troitsky

Observability of the very-high-energy emission from GRB 221009A

The LHAASO Collaboration detected the gamma ray burst GRB 221009A at energies above $500 \, {\rm GeV}$ with a tail extending up to $18 \, \rm TeV$, whose spectral analysis has presently been performed up to $7 \, \rm TeV$ for the lower…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-12-22 Giorgio Galanti , Lara Nava , Marco Roncadelli , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Giacomo Bonnoli

Revisiting Lorentz invariance violation from GRB 221009A

As a potential consequence of Lorentz invariance violation~(LIV), threshold anomalies open a window to study LIV. Recently the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory~(LHAASO) reported that more than 5000 photons from GRB 221009A have…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-12-14 Hao Li , Bo-Qiang Ma

Dark Photon Search in the Mass Range Between 1.5 and 3.4 GeV/$c^2$

Using a data set of 2.93 fb$^{-1}$ taken at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}$ = 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we perform a search for an extra U(1) gauge boson, also denoted as a dark photon. We examine the…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2017-11-22 M. Ablikim , M. N. Achasov , X. C. Ai , O. Albayrak , M. Albrecht , D. J. Ambrose , A. Amoroso , F. F. An , Q. An , J. Z. Bai , R. Baldini Ferroli , Y. Ban , D. W. Bennett , J. V. Bennett , M. Bertani , D. Bettoni , J. M. Bian , F. Bianchi , E. Boger , I. Boyko , R. A. Briere , H. Cai , X. Cai , O. Cakir , A. Calcaterra , G. F. Cao , S. A. Cetin , J. F. Chang , G. Chelkov , G. Chen , H. S. Chen , H. Y. Chen , J. C. Chen , M. L. Chen , S. J. Chen , X. Chen , X. R. Chen , Y. B. Chen , H. P. Cheng , X. K. Chu , G. Cibinetto , H. L. Dai , J. P. Dai , A. Dbeyssi , D. Dedovich , Z. Y. Deng , A. Denig , I. Denysenko , M. Destefanis , F. De Mori , Y. Ding , C. Dong , J. Dong , L. Y. Dong , M. Y. Dong , S. X. Du , P. F. Duan , E. E. Eren , J. Z. Fan , J. Fang , S. S. Fang , X. Fang , Y. Fang , L. Fava , F. Feldbauer , G. Felici , C. Q. Feng , E. Fioravanti , M. Fritsch , C. D. Fu , Q. Gao , X. Y. Gao , Y. Gao , Z. Gao , I. Garzia , C. Geng , K. Goetzen , W. X. Gong , W. Gradl , M. Greco , M. H. Gu , Y. T. Gu , Y. H. Guan , A. Q. Guo , L. B. Guo , Y. Guo , Y. P. Guo , Z. Haddadi , A. Hafner , S. Han , Y. L. Han , X. Q. Hao , F. A. Harris , K. L. He , Z. Y. He , T. Held , Y. K. Heng , Z. L. Hou , C. Hu , H. M. Hu , J. F. Hu , T. Hu , Y. Hu , G. M. Huang , G. S. Huang , H. P. Huang , J. S. Huang , X. T. Huang , Y. Huang , T. Hussain , Q. Ji , Q. P. Ji , X. B. Ji , X. L. Ji , L. L. Jiang , L. W. Jiang , X. S. Jiang , X. Y. Jiang , J. B. Jiao , Z. Jiao , D. P. Jin , S. Jin , T. Johansson , A. Julin , N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki , X. L. Kang , X. S. Kang , M. Kavatsyuk , B. C. Ke , P. Kiese , R. Kliemt , B. Kloss , O. B. Kolcu , B. Kopf , M. Kornicer , W. Kuehn , A. Kupsc , J. S. Lange , M. Lara , P. Larin , C. Leng , C. Li , C. H. Li , Cheng Li , D. M. Li , F. Li , G. Li , H. B. Li , J. C. Li , Jin Li , K. Li , K. Li , Lei Li , P. R. Li , T. Li , W. D. Li , W. G. Li , X. L. Li , X. M. Li , X. N. Li , X. Q. Li , Z. B. Li , H. Liang , Y. F. Liang , Y. T. Liang , G. R. Liao , D. X. Lin , B. J. Liu , C. X. Liu , F. H. Liu , Fang Liu , Feng Liu , H. B. Liu , H. H. Liu , H. H. Liu , H. M. Liu , J. Liu , J. B. Liu , J. P. Liu , J. Y. Liu , K. Liu , K. Y. Liu , L. D. Liu , P. L. Liu , Q. Liu , S. B. Liu , X. Liu , X. X. Liu , Y. B. Liu , Z. A. Liu , Zhiqiang Liu , Zhiqing Liu , H. Loehner , X. C. Lou , H. J. Lu , J. G. Lu , R. Q. Lu , Y. Lu , Y. P. Lu , C. L. Luo , M. X. Luo , T. Luo , X. L. Luo , M. Lv , X. R. Lyu , F. C. Ma , H. L. Ma , L. L. Ma , Q. M. Ma , T. Ma , X. N. Ma , X. Y. Ma , F. E. Maas , M. Maggiora , Y. J. Mao , Z. P. Mao , S. Marcello , J. G. Messchendorp , J. Min , T. J. Min , R. E. Mitchell , X. H. Mo , Y. J. Mo , C. Morales Morales , K. Moriya , N. Yu. Muchnoi , H. Muramatsu , Y. Nefedov , F. Nerling , I. B. Nikolaev , Z. Ning , S. Nisar , S. L. Niu , X. Y. Niu , S. L. Olsen , Q. Ouyang , S. Pacetti , P. Patteri , M. Pelizaeus , H. P. Peng , K. Peters , J. Pettersson , J. L. Ping , R. G. Ping , R. Poling , V. Prasad , Y. N. Pu , M. Qi , S. Qian , C. F. Qiao , L. Q. Qin , N. Qin , X. S. Qin , Y. Qin , Z. H. Qin , J. F. Qiu , K. H. Rashid , C. F. Redmer , H. L. Ren , M. Ripka , G. Rong , Ch. Rosner , X. D. Ruan , V. Santoro , A. Sarantsev , M. Savrié , K. Schoenning , S. Schumann , W. Shan , M. Shao , C. P. Shen , P. X. Shen , X. Y. Shen , H. Y. Sheng , W. M. Song , X. Y. Song , S. Sosio , S. Spataro , G. X. Sun , J. F. Sun , S. S. Sun , Y. J. Sun , Y. Z. Sun , Z. J. Sun , Z. T. Sun , C. J. Tang , X. Tang , I. Tapan , E. H. Thorndike , M. Tiemens , M. Ullrich , I. Uman , G. S. Varner , B. Wang , B. L. Wang , D. Wang , D. Y. Wang , K. Wang , L. L. Wang , L. S. Wang , M. Wang , P. Wang , P. L. Wang , S. G. Wang , W. Wang , X. F. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Y. F. Wang , Y. Q. Wang , Z. Wang , Z. G. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. Y. Wang , T. Weber , D. H. Wei , J. B. Wei , P. Weidenkaff , S. P. Wen , U. Wiedner , M. Wolke , L. H. Wu , Z. Wu , L. G. Xia , Y. Xia , D. Xiao , H. Xiao , Z. J. Xiao , Y. G. Xie , Q. L. Xiu , G. F. Xu , L. Xu , Q. J. Xu , Q. N. Xu , X. P. Xu , L. Yan , W. B. Yan , W. C. Yan , Y. H. Yan , H. J. Yang , H. X. Yang , L. Yang , Y. Yang , Y. X. Yang , H. Ye , M. Ye , M. H. Ye , J. H. Yin , B. X. Yu , C. X. Yu , H. W. Yu , J. S. Yu , C. Z. Yuan , W. L. Yuan , Y. Yuan , A. Yuncu , A. A. Zafar , A. Zallo , Y. Zeng , B. X. Zhang , B. Y. Zhang , C. Zhang , C. C. Zhang , D. H. Zhang , H. H. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. J. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , J. Q. Zhang , J. W. Zhang , J. Y. Zhang , J. Z. Zhang , K. Zhang , L. Zhang , S. H. Zhang , X. Y. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Y. N. Zhang , Y. H. Zhang , Y. T. Zhang , Yu Zhang , Z. H. Zhang , Z. P. Zhang , Z. Y. Zhang , G. Zhao , J. W. Zhao , J. Y. Zhao , J. Z. Zhao , Lei Zhao , Ling Zhao , M. G. Zhao , Q. Zhao , Q. W. Zhao , S. J. Zhao , T. C. Zhao , Y. B. Zhao , Z. G. Zhao , A. Zhemchugov , B. Zheng , J. P. Zheng , W. J. Zheng , Y. H. Zheng , B. Zhong , L. Zhou , Li Zhou , X. Zhou , X. K. Zhou , X. R. Zhou , X. Y. Zhou , K. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , S. Zhu , X. L. Zhu , Y. C. Zhu , Y. S. Zhu , Z. A. Zhu , J. Zhuang , L. Zotti , B. S. Zou , J. H. Zou

Revisiting Supernova 1987A Constraints on Dark Photons

We revisit constraints on dark photons with masses below ~ 100 MeV from the observations of Supernova 1987A. If dark photons are produced in sufficient quantity, they reduce the amount of energy emitted in the form of neutrinos, in conflict…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-06-04 Jae Hyeok Chang , Rouven Essig , Samuel D. McDermott

Constraints on Extragalactic Background Light from Cherenkov telescopes: status and perspectives for the next 5 years

Very high energy (VHE, E > 30 GeV) gamma-rays are absorbed via interaction with low-energy photons from the extragalactic background light (EBL) if the involved photon energies are above the threshold for electron-positron pair creation.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 D. Mazin

Dark matter interpretation of GRB 221009A: a singlet scalar explains LHAASO data

In this work, we find a new signal of dark matter (DM) through an intensive gamma ray burst (GRB), called GRB 221009A. This indirect detection approach devotes to the decay of DM particles into high energy (HE) photons. In this context, a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-10-15 S. Peyman Zakeri

GRB 221009A: a potential source of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays

Recently an extraordinarily bright gamma-ray burst, GRB 221009A, was observed by several facilities covering the whole electromagnetic spectrum. Gamma rays with energies up to 18 TeV were detected, as well as a possible photon with 251 TeV.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-27 Rafael Alves Batista

Modeling gamma-ray burst observations by Fermi and MAGIC including attenuation due to diffuse background light

Gamma rays from extragalactic sources are attenuated by pair-production interactions with diffuse photons of the extragalactic background light (EBL). Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are a source of high-redshift photons above 10 GeV, and could be…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Rudy C. Gilmore , Francisco Prada , Joel R. Primack

Dark Photons in the Early Universe: From Thermal Production to Cosmological Constraints

Dark photons, a generic class of light gauge bosons that interact with the Standard Model (SM) exclusively through kinetic mixing, arise naturally in many gauge extensions of the SM. Motivated by these theoretical considerations, we present…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-10 Xun-Jie Xu , Boting Zhou

Searching Dark Photons using displaced vertices at Belle II -- with backgrounds

Dark photons in the MeV to GeV range with kinetic mixing of the order of $\lesssim 10^{-4}-10^{-3}$ can be produced in significant numbers at low energy colliders such as Belle II. Their decay length can be macroscopic raising the hope for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-27 Joerg Jaeckel , Anh Vu Phan

Ultralight dark photon as a model for early universe dark matter

Dark photon is a massive vector field which interacts only with the physical photon through the kinetic mixing. This coupling is assumed to be weak so that the dark photon becomes almost unobservable in processes with elementary particles,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-02 V. V. Flambaum , I. B. Samsonov

Light scalar explanation for 18 TeV GRB 221009A

Recent astrophysical transient Swift J1913.1+1946 may be associated with the $\gamma$-ray burst GRB 221009A. The redshift of this event is $z\simeq 0.151$. Very high-energy $\gamma$-rays (up to 18 TeV) followed the transient and were…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-05-23 Shyam Balaji , Maura E. Ramirez-Quezada , Joseph Silk , Yongchao Zhang

TeV Burst of Gamma-Ray Bursts and Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays

Some recent experiments detecting very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays above 10-20 TeV independently reported VHE bursts for some of bright gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). If these signals are truly from GRBs, these GRBs must emit a much larger…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Tomonori Totani

Searching for dark photon dark matter from terrestrial magnetic fields

We present a novel search for dark photon dark matter (DM) using terrestrial magnetic field measurements at frequencies below 100 Hz. Coherently oscillating dark photon DM can induce a monochromatic magnetic field via kinetic mixing with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-12 Kimihiro Nomura , Atsushi Nishizawa , Atsushi Taruya , Yoshiaki Himemoto