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Constructive type theory combines logic and programming in one language. This is useful both for reasoning about programs written in type theory, as well as for reasoning about other programming languages inside type theory. It is…
In this paper we consider a fragment of the first-order theory of the real numbers that includes systems of equations of continuous functions in bounded domains, and for which all functions are computable in the sense that it is possible to…
By considering probability distributions over the set of assignments the expected truth values assignment to propositional variables are extended through linear operators, and the expected truth values of the clauses at any given…
We show how G\"odel's first incompleteness theorem has an analog in quantum theory. G\"odel's theorem implies endless opportunities for appending axioms to arithmetic, implicitly showing a role for an agent, namely an agent that asserts an…
The Kochen-Specker theorem states that exclusive and complete deterministic outcome assignments are impossible for certain sets of measurements, called Kochen-Specker (KS) sets. A straightforward consequence is that KS sets do not have…
We study the satisfiability and model-checking problems for timed hyperproperties specified with HyperMTL, a timed extension of HyperLTL. Depending on whether interleaving of events in different traces is allowed, two possible semantics can…
Equivalence testing, a fundamental problem in the field of distribution testing, seeks to infer if two unknown distributions on $[n]$ are the same or far apart in the total variation distance. Conditional sampling has emerged as a powerful…
We present connections between the recent literature on multigroup fairness for prediction algorithms and classical results in computational complexity. Multiaccurate predictors are correct in expectation on each member of an arbitrary…
Sequential hypothesis testing asks for decision rules that update as data arrive. A natural goal is \emph{eventual correctness}: the rule may change its mind early on, but it should make only finitely many wrong decisions almost surely.…
In this article, the decidability and computability issues of dynamic probability logic (DPL) are addressed. Firstly, a proof system $\mathcal{H}_{DPL}$ is introduced for DPL and shown that it is weakly complete. Furthermore, this logic has…
We investigate in this paper the theory and econometrics of optimal matchings with competing criteria. The surplus from a marriage match, for instance, may depend both on the incomes and on the educations of the partners, as well as on…
We prove the finiteness of $B$-representations of generalised log canonical pairs. As a consequence, we prove that, the (relative) abundance for a generalised semi-log canonical pair is implied by the abundance for its normalisation.…
Driven by the interest of reasoning about probabilistic programming languages, we set out to study a notion of unicity of normal forms for them. To provide a tractable proof method for it, we define a property of distribution confluence…
This article describes a Turing machine which can solve for $\beta^{'}$ which is RE-complete. RE-complete problems are proven to be undecidable by Turing's accepted proof on the Entscheidungsproblem. Thus, constructing a machine which…
Traditionally, the Dirichlet-multinomial distribution has been recognized as a key model for contingency tables generated by cluster sampling schemes. There are, however, other possible distributions appropriate for these contingency…
Actual individual preferences are neither complete (=total) nor antisymmetric in general, so that at least every quasi-order must be an admissible input to a satisfactory choice rule. It is argued that the traditional notion of…
The present paper contains some investigations about a uniform variant of the notion of metric hemiregularity, the latter being a less explored property obtained by weakening metric regularity. The introduction of such a quantitative…
This paper provides closed-form formulas for a multidimensional two-sided matching problem with transferable utility and heterogeneity in tastes. When the matching surplus is quadratic, the marginal distributions of the characteristics are…
Mixed monotone systems form an important class of nonlinear systems that have recently received attention in the abstraction-based control design area. Slightly different definitions exist in the literature, and it remains a challenge to…
In this article we demonstrate how algorithmic probability theory is applied to situations that involve uncertainty. When people are unsure of their model of reality, then the outcome they observe will cause them to update their beliefs. We…