Related papers: False Alarm Rate based Statistical Detection Limit…
Strong gravitational lensing of gravitational waves (GWs) has been forecasted to become detectable in the upcoming observing runs. However, definitively distinguishing pairs of lensed sources from random associations is a challenging…
The accuracy of the estimated stellar atmospheric parameter decreases evidently with the decreasing of spectral signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and there are a huge amount of this kind observations, especially in case of SNR$<$30. Therefore, it…
Transient detection and flux measurement via image subtraction stand at the base of time domain astronomy. Due to the varying seeing conditions, the image subtraction process is non-trivial, and existing solutions suffer from a variety of…
The development of detectors with a high time resolution has been pivotal to our comprehension of neutron stars and the accurate measurement of their properties. While high-time resolution astronomy has become a standard in the radio and…
Stellar intensity interferometers correlate photons within their coherence time and could overcome the baseline limitations of existing amplitude interferometers. Intensity interferometers do not rely on phase coherence of the optical…
The line spectrum estimation problem is considered in this paper. We propose a CFAR-based Newtonized OMP (NOMP-CFAR) method which can maintain a desired false alarm rate without the knowledge of the noise variance. The NOMP-CFAR consists of…
We present a theoretical background for the data analysis of the gravitational-wave signals from spinning neutron stars for Earth-based laser interferometric detectors. We introduce a detailed model of the signal including both the…
A persistent challenge in astronomical machine learning is a systematic bias where predictions compress the dynamic range of true values-high values are consistently predicted too low while low values are predicted too high. Understanding…
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) statistics play a central role in many applications. A common situation where SNR is studied is when a continuous time signal is sampled at a fixed frequency with some noise in the background. While estimation…
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is critical in nanotechnology, materials science, and biological imaging due to its high spatial resolution and depth of focus. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is an essential parameter in SEM because it…
Axion-like particles (ALPs) arise from well-motivated extensions to the Standard Model and could account for the dark matter. We discuss the scaling of the sensitivity of a galactic ALP dark matter search with the number of sensors,…
In this letter, we consider the varying detection environments to address the problem of detecting small targets within sea clutter. We first extract three simple yet practically discriminative features from the returned signals in the time…
This research tackles the challenge of speckle noise in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) space data, a prevalent issue that hampers the clarity and utility of SAR images. The study presents a comparative analysis of six distinct speckle noise…
Spectrum sensing is essential in cognitive radio to enable dynamic spectrum access. In many scenarios, primary user signal must be detected reliably in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime under required sensing time. We propose to use…
Random telegraph noise (RTN) is a major contributor to read noise in many CMOS image sensors considered for astronomical use. While scientific CMOS image sensors deliver lower read noise than traditional charge-coupled devices, mitigating…
In radio astronomy, radio frequency interference (RFI) becomes more and more serious for radio observational facilities. The RFI always influences the search and study of the interesting astronomical objects. Mitigating the RFI becomes an…
Photon counting is a cornerstone of quantum optics. Here, we demonstrate precisely counting from 0 to over 9000 photons, beating the Poisson noise limit by at least $4.1~\mathrm{dB}$ across this range. We achieve sub-single-photon precision…
Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and their effects on the matter power spectrum can be studied by using the Lyman-alpha absorption signature of the matter density field along quasar (QSO) lines of sight. A measurement sufficiently…
A consistent and explicit spectral comparison between heterodyne (HD) and direct detection (DD) derived from first principles including the atmospheric transmission and low beam-filling factors could not be found yet in literature but is…
This paper proposes simple moment based spectrum sensing algorithm for cognitive radio networks in a flat fading channel. It is assumed that the transmitted signal samples are binary (quadrature) phase-shift keying BPSK (QPSK), Mary…