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Let G be a 4-critical graph with t triangles, embedded in a surface of genus g. Let c be the number of 4-cycles in G that do not bound a 2-cell face. We prove that the sum of lengths of (>=5)-faces of G is at most linear in g+t+c-1.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-05 Zdenek Dvorak , Daniel Kral , Robin Thomas

A graph $G$ with four or more vertices is called bicritical if the removal of any pair of distinct vertices of $G$ results in a graph with a perfect matching. A bicritical graph is minimal if the deletion of each edge results in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-15 Jing Guo , Hailun Wu , Heping Zhang

In a recent paper, Francis, Illickan, Jose and Rajendraprasad showed that every $n$-vertex plane graph $G$ has (under some natural restrictions) a vertex-partition into two sets $V_1$ and $V_2$ such that each $V_i$ is \emph{dominating}…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Therese Biedl

introduce {\sc Planar Disjoint Paths Completion}, a completion counterpart of the Disjoint Paths problem, and study its parameterized complexity. The problem can be stated as follows: given a, not necessarily connected, plane graph $G,$ $k$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-11-18 Isolde Adler , Stavros G. Kolliopoulos , Dimitrios M. Thilikos

A (4,5,6)-fullerene is a plane cubic graph whose faces are only quadrilaterals, pentagons and hexagons, which includes all (4,6)- and (5,6)-fullerenes. A connected graph $G$ with at least $2k+2$ vertices is $k$-extendable if $G$ has perfect…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-13 Lifang Zhao , Heping Zhang

It is shown that every 2-planar graph is quasiplanar, that is, if a simple graph admits a drawing in the plane such that every edge is crossed at most twice, then it also admits a drawing in which no three edges pairwise cross. We further…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Michael Hoffmann , Csaba D. Tóth

We discuss the question whether the existence of perfect matchings in a cubic graph can be seen from the spectrum of its adjacency matrix. For regular graphs in general and for three edge-disjoint perfect matchings in a cubic graph (that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-08 Willem H. Haemers

A connected 3-valent plane graph, whose faces are $q$- or 6-gons only, is called a {\em graph $q_n$}. We classify all graphs $4_n$, which are isometric subgraphs of a $m$-hypercube $H_m$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michel Deza , Mathieu Dutour-Sikiric , Sergey Shpectorov

A fullerene graph is a cubic bridgeless plane graph with only pentagonal and hexagonal faces. We exhibit an infinite family of fullerene graphs of diameter $\sqrt{4n/3}$, where $n$ is the number of vertices. This disproves a conjecture of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-22 Diego Nicodemos , Matěj Stehlík

We initiate the study of extremal problems about faces in convex rectilinear drawings of~$K_n$, that is, drawings where vertices are represented by points in the plane in convex position and edges by line segments between the points…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-02 Martin Balko , Anna Brötzner , Fabian Klute , Josef Tkadlec

Squaregraphs were originally defined as finite plane graphs in which all inner faces are quadrilaterals (i.e., 4-cycles) and all inner vertices (i.e., the vertices not incident with the outer face) have degrees larger than three. The planar…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-11-05 Hans-Jurgen Bandelt , Victor Chepoi , David Eppstein

A map is a connected topological graph cellularly embedded in a surface and a complete map is a cellularly embedded complete graph in a surface. In this paper, all automorphisms of complete maps of order n are determined by permutations on…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Linfan Mao , Yanpei Liu , Feng Tian

Cubic planar $n$-vertex graphs with faces of length at most $6$, e.g., fullerene graphs, have diameter in $\Omega(\sqrt{n})$. It has been suspected, that a similar result can be shown for cubic planar graphs with faces of bounded length.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-26 Kolja Knauer , Piotr Micek

We introduce a new class $\mathcal{G}$ of bipartite plane graphs and prove that each graph in $\mathcal{G}$ admits a proper square contact representation. A contact between two squares is \emph{proper} if they intersect in a line segment of…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Andrew Nathenson

Call {\em i-hedrite} any 4-valent n-vertex plane graph, whose faces are 2-, 3- and 4-gons only and $p_2+p_3=i$. The edges of an i-hedrite, as of any Eulerian plane graph, are partitioned by its {\em central circuits}, i.e. those, which are…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 M. Deza , M. Dutour , M. Shtogrin

The theory of Dvorak, Kral, and Thomas (2015) shows that a 4-critical triangle-free graph embedded in the torus has only a bounded number of faces of length greater than 4 and that the size of these faces is also bounded. We study the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-02-01 Zdeněk Dvořák , Jakub Pekárek

An $\ell$-facial edge-coloring of a plane graph is a coloring of its edges such that any two edges at distance at most $\ell$ on a boundary walk of any face receive distinct colors. It is the edge-coloring variant of the $\ell$-facial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-16 Mirko Horňák , Borut Lužar , Kenny Štorgel

A connected graph $G$ with at least two vertices is matching covered if each of its edges lies in a perfect matching. A matching covered graph is minimal if the removal of any edge results in a graph that is no longer matching covered. An…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Xiaoling He , Fuliang Lu , Heping Zhang

The only open case of Vizing's conjecture that every planar graph with $\Delta\geq 6$ is a class 1 graph is $\Delta = 6$. We give a short proof of the following statement: there is no 6-critical plane graph $G$, such that every vertex of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-27 Ligang Jin , Yingli Kang , Eckhard Steffen

A graph drawn in the plane is called k-quasi-planar if it does not contain k pairwise crossing edges. It has been conjectured for a long time that for every fixed k, the maximum number of edges of a k-quasi-planar graph with n vertices is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-12-13 Jacob Fox , Janos Pach , Andrew Suk