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We consider the problem of multiple agents sensing and acting in environments with the goal of maximising their shared utility. In these environments, agents must learn communication protocols in order to share information that is needed to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-25 Jakob N. Foerster , Yannis M. Assael , Nando de Freitas , Shimon Whiteson

Autonomous agents driven by Large Language Models (LLMs) offer enormous potential for automation. Early proof of this technology can be found in various demonstrations of agents solving complex tasks, interacting with external systems to…

We study systems of interacting reinforced stochastic processes, where agents' decisions evolve under reinforcement, network-mediated interactions, and environmental influences. In competitive environments with irreducible networks, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-18 Michele Aleandri , Paolo Dai Pra , Ida Germana Minelli

Simulation of population dynamics is a central research theme in computational biology, which contributes to understanding the interactions between predators and preys. Conventional mathematical tools of this theme, however, are incapable…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Jun Yamada , John Shawe-Taylor , Zafeirios Fountas

Recent advances in large language model (LLM) have empowered autonomous agents to perform multi-turn interactions with tools and environments. However, scaling such agent training is limited by the lack of diverse and reliable environments.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zhaoyang Wang , Canwen Xu , Boyi Liu , Yite Wang , Siwei Han , Zhewei Yao , Huaxiu Yao , Yuxiong He

The enactive approach to cognition is typically proposed as a viable alternative to traditional cognitive science. Enactive cognition displaces the explanatory focus from the internal representations of the agent to the direct sensorimotor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-11 Rafik Hadfi

Large language models (LLMs) encode a vast amount of world knowledge acquired from massive text datasets. Recent studies have demonstrated that LLMs can assist an embodied agent in solving complex sequential decision making tasks by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Bin Hu , Chenyang Zhao , Pu Zhang , Zihao Zhou , Yuanhang Yang , Zenglin Xu , Bin Liu

Multi-agent reinforcement learning faces fundamental challenges that conventional approaches have failed to overcome: exponentially growing joint action spaces, non-stationary environments where simultaneous learning creates moving targets,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Hang Wang , Junshan Zhang

Two traditional paradigms are often used to describe the behavior of agents in multi-agent complex systems. In the first one, agents are considered to be fully rational and systems are seen as multi-player games. In the second one, agents…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-03-17 Mickael Randour

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being explored for building Agents capable of active environmental interaction (e.g., via tool use) to solve complex problems. Reinforcement Learning (RL) is considered a key technology with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Mingyue Cheng , Jie Ouyang , Shuo Yu , Ruiran Yan , Yucong Luo , Zirui Liu , Daoyu Wang , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

Communication via natural language is a key aspect of machine intelligence, and it requires computational models to learn and reason about world concepts, with varying levels of supervision. Significant progress has been made on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Prateek Chhikara , Jiarui Zhang , Filip Ilievski , Jonathan Francis , Kaixin Ma

Large Language Models demonstrate strong reasoning and generation abilities, yet their behavior in multi-turn tasks often lacks reliability and verifiability. We present a task completion framework that enables LLM-based agents to act under…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Gonca Gürsun

We propose a formalism to model and reason about reconfigurable multi-agent systems. In our formalism, agents interact and communicate in different modes so that they can pursue joint tasks; agents may dynamically synchronize, exchange…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Yehia Abd Alrahman , Nir Piterman

In recent developments within the research community, the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) in creating fully autonomous agents has garnered significant interest. Despite this, LLM-based agents frequently demonstrate notable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Xueyang Feng , Zhi-Yuan Chen , Yujia Qin , Yankai Lin , Xu Chen , Zhiyuan Liu , Ji-Rong Wen

Programming robot behavior in a complex world faces challenges on multiple levels, from dextrous low-level skills to high-level planning and reasoning. Recent pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning ability…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Xufeng Zhao , Mengdi Li , Cornelius Weber , Muhammad Burhan Hafez , Stefan Wermter

Language-model agent systems commonly rely on reactive prompting, in which a single instruction guides the model through an open-ended sequence of reasoning and tool-use steps, leaving control flow and intermediate state implicit and making…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Pengcheng Wang , Jerry Huang , Jiarui Yao , Rui Pan , Peizhi Niu , Yaowenqi Liu , Ruida Wang , Renhao Lu , Yuwei Guo , Tong Zhang

Agent-based modeling and network science have been used extensively to advance our understanding of emergent collective behavior in systems that are composed of a large number of simple interacting individuals or agents. With the increasing…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Marcos Cardinot , Colm O'Riordan , Josephine Griffith , Matjaž Perc

Interactive behavior modeling of multiple agents is an essential challenge in simulation, especially in scenarios when agents need to avoid collisions and cooperate at the same time. Humans can interact with others without explicit…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Lingfeng Sun , Pin-Yun Hung , Changhao Wang , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Zhuo Xu

Multiagent reinforcement learning, as a prominent intelligent paradigm, enables collaborative decision-making within complex systems. However, existing approaches often rely on explicit action exchange between agents to evaluate action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Zhenglong Luo , Zhiyong Chen , Aoxiang Liu