Related papers: Space Charge and Future Light Sources
The presence of resonances modifies the passage of light or of electrons through a disordered medium. We generalize random matrix theory to account for this effect. Using supersymmetry, we calculate analytically the mean density of states,…
Strong-field photoemission from nanostructures and the associated temporally modulated currents play a key role in the development of ultrafast vacuum optoelectronics. Optical light fields could push their operation bandwidth into the…
Powerful radio sources and quasars emit relativistic jets of plasma and magnetic fields that travel hundreds of kilo-parsecs, ultimately depositing energy into the intra- or inter-cluster medium. In the rest frame of the jet, the energy…
For synchrotron light sources, the brightness of user X-ray beams is primarily determined by the electron beam emittance and energy spread at operational intensity. A common feature of fourth-generation synchrotrons is the short length of…
Charge independence and symmetry are approximate symmetries of nature. The observations of the small symmetry breaking effects and the consequences of those effects are reviewed. The effects of the mass difference between up and down quarks…
We discuss whether electric charge conservation may not hold in four-dimensional world in models with infinite extra dimensions, i.e., whether escape of charged particles from our brane is consistent with effectively four-dimensional…
The power of a relativistic jet depends on the number of leptons and protons carried by the jet itself. We have reasons to believe that powerful gamma-ray flat spectrum radio sources emit most of their radiation where radiative cooling is…
When the equatorial spin velocity, $v$, of a charged conducting sphere approaches $c$, the Lorentz force causes a remarkable rearrangement of the total charge $q$. Charge of that sign is confined to a narrow equatorial belt at latitudes $b…
We study potentially observable consequences of spatiotemporal discreteness for the motion of massive and massless particles. First we describe some simple intrinsic models for the motion of a massive point particle in a fixed causal set…
Isotropic diffusion is a key assumption in many models of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons. We find that simulation results imply a critical energy of ~10-1000~GeV above which electrons and positrons can spend their entire lives in…
Light beam with optical vortices can propagate in free space only with integer orbital angular momentum. Here, we invert this scientific consensus theoretically and experimentally by proposing light beams carrying natural non-integer…
The past decade has seen a surge of interest in astrophysical charge exchange (CX). The impetus was the discovery of X-ray emission from comets in 1996, soon followed by the observation of CX emission in planetary atmospheres and throughout…
The possibility of radiative effects induced by the Lorentz and CPT non-invariant interaction term for fermions in the Standard Model Extension is investigated. In particular, electron-positron photo-production and photon emission by…
The standard calculations of the synchrotron emission from charged particles in magnetic fields does not apply when the energy losses of the particles are so severe that their energy is appreciably degraded during one Larmor rotation. In…
It is pointed out that the traditional explanation for the observation of a non-zero energy h nu for light in free space does not apply for the analogous situation in dispersive media. Because the speed of light u is no longer equal to c in…
A cornerstone of special relativity is Lorentz Invariance, the postulate that all observers measure exactly the same photon speeds independently on the photon energies. However, a hypothesized structure of spacetime may alter this…
Rough estimates and upper limits on current and particle densities form the basis of most of the canonical pulsar models. Whereas the surface of the rotating neutron star is capable of supplying sufficient charges to provide a current that,…
Individual colloids often carry a charge as a result of the dissociation (or adsorption) of weakly-ionized surface groups. The magnitude depends on the precise chemical environment surrounding a particle, which in a concentrated dispersion…
The effect of nonzero extent of an electric charge is considered within the assumption that the structure of the charge at rest is spherically-symmetric and the current vector is linear in the acceleration.
Charge-to-spin conversion in inhomogeneous systems is studied theoretically. We consider free electrons subject to impurities with spin-orbit interaction and with spatially modulated distribution, and calculate spin accumulation and spin…