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We formulate and analyze a simplest Markov decision process model for intrusion tolerance problems, assuming that (i) each attack proceeds through one or more steps before the system's security fails, (ii) defensive responses that target…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Patrick Kreidl

This work considers a stochastic Nash game in which each player solves a parameterized stochastic optimization problem. In deterministic regimes, best-response schemes have been shown to be convergent under a suitable spectral property…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-08 Jinlong Lei , Uday V. Shanbhag , Jong-Shi Pang , Suvrajeet Sen

Adversarial Patrolling games form a subclass of Security games where a Defender moves between locations, guarding vulnerable targets. The main algorithmic problem is constructing a strategy for the Defender that minimizes the worst damage…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Vojtěch Kůr , Vít Musil , Vojtěch Řehák

We study defense strategies against reward poisoning attacks in reinforcement learning. As a threat model, we consider attacks that minimally alter rewards to make the attacker's target policy uniquely optimal under the poisoned rewards,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Kiarash Banihashem , Adish Singla , Goran Radanovic

The adoption of reinforcement learning for critical infrastructure defense introduces a vulnerability where sophisticated attackers can strategically exploit the defense algorithm's learning dynamics. While prior work addresses this…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Yuksel Arslantas , Ahmed Said Donmez , Ege Yuceel , Muhammed O. Sayin

Gradient-based attacks are important methods for evaluating model robustness. However, since the proposal of APGD, it has been difficult for such methods to achieve significant breakthroughs. To achieve such an effect, we first analyze the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Xinlei Liu , Tao Hu , Jichao Xie , Peng Yi , Hailong Ma , Baolin Li

Strategic classification studies the problem where self-interested individuals or agents manipulate their response to obtain favorable decision outcomes made by classifiers, typically turning to dishonest actions when they are less costly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Ziyuan Huang , Lina Alkarmi , Mingyan Liu

We develop an analytical Stackelberg game framework for optimal resource allocation in a sequential attacker--defender setting with a finite set of assets and probabilistic attacks. The defender commits to a mixed protection strategy, after…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Azhar Iqbal , James M. Chappell , Derek Abbott

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) have created new security challenges for critical infrastructures due to their stealthy, dynamic, and adaptive natures. In this work, we aim to lay a game-theoretic foundation by establishing a multi-stage…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Linan Huang , Quanyan Zhu

Security attacks present unique challenges to self-adaptive system design due to the adversarial nature of the environment. However, modeling the system as a single player, as done in prior works in security domain, is insufficient for the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Mingyue Zhang

Adversarial attacks pose significant threats to the reliability and safety of deep learning models, especially in critical domains such as medical imaging. This paper introduces a novel framework that integrates conformal prediction with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Rui Luo , Jie Bao , Zhixin Zhou , Chuangyin Dang

With the success that the field of bilevel optimization has seen in recent years, similar methodologies have started being applied to solving more difficult applications that arise in trilevel optimization. At the helm of these applications…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Tommaso Giovannelli , Griffin Dean Kent , Luis Nunes Vicente

Recent adversarial attack developments have made reinforcement learning more vulnerable, and different approaches exist to deploy attacks against it, where the key is how to choose the right timing of the attack. Some work tries to design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Yang Li , Quan Pan , Erik Cambria

This work uniquely combines an affine linear decision rule known from adjustable robustness with min-max-regret robustness. By doing so, the advantages of both concepts can be obtained with an adjustable solution that is not…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-02 Kerstin Schneider , Helene Krieg , Dimitri Nowak , Karl-Heinz Küfer

In power systems, unpredictable events like extreme weather, equipment failures, and cyberattacks present significant challenges to ensuring safety and reliability. Ensuring resilience in the face of these uncertainties is crucial for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-14 Saman Mazaheri Khamaneh , Tong Wu

Despite remarkable achievements in deep learning across various domains, its inherent vulnerability to adversarial examples still remains a critical concern for practical deployment. Adversarial training has emerged as one of the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Junhao Dong , Xinghua Qu , Z. Jane Wang , Yew-Soon Ong

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) have recently emerged as a significant security challenge for a cyber-physical system due to their stealthy, dynamic and adaptive nature. Proactive dynamic defenses provide a strategic and holistic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Linan Huang , Quanyan Zhu

Deep Neural Network classifiers are vulnerable to adversarial attack, where an imperceptible perturbation could result in misclassification. However, the vulnerability of DNN-based image ranking systems remains under-explored. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Mo Zhou , Le Wang , Zhenxing Niu , Qilin Zhang , Nanning Zheng , Gang Hua

Bayesian approaches developed to solve the optimal design of sequential experiments are mathematically elegant but computationally challenging. Recently, techniques using amortization have been proposed to make these Bayesian approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Tom Blau , Edwin V. Bonilla , Iadine Chades , Amir Dezfouli

Extreme weather is straining electricity systems, exposing the limitations of reactive responses, and prompting the need for proactive resilience planning. Most existing approaches to enhance electricity system resilience employ simplified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Shuyi Chen , Shixiang Zhu , Ramteen Sioshansi