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The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a recently developed large model for general-purpose segmentation for computer vision tasks. SAM was trained using 11 million images with over 1 billion masks and can produce segmentation results for a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Yizhe Zhang , Tao Zhou , Shuo Wang , Peixian Liang , Danny Z. Chen

We present ENSAM (Equivariant, Normalized, Segment Anything Model), a lightweight and promptable model for universal 3D medical image segmentation. ENSAM combines a SegResNet-based encoder with a prompt encoder and mask decoder in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Elias Stenhede , Agnar Martin Bjørnstad , Arian Ranjbar

Foundation models (FMs), large neural networks pretrained on extensive and diverse datasets, have revolutionized artificial intelligence and shown significant promise in medical imaging by enabling robust performance with limited labeled…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-17 Salah Ghamizi , Georgia Kanli , Yu Deng , Magali Perquin , Olivier Keunen

Foundation models (FMs) have revolutionized computer vision, enabling effective learning across different domains. However, their performance under domain shift is yet underexplored. This paper investigates the zero-shot domain adaptation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Ugur Ali Kaplan , Margret Keuper , Anna Khoreva , Dan Zhang , Yumeng Li

Deformable medical image registration is a crucial aspect of medical image analysis. In recent years, researchers have begun leveraging auxiliary tasks (such as supervised segmentation) to provide anatomical structure information for the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Hongchao Zhou , Shunbo Hu

Foundation medical segmentation models, with MedSAM being the most popular, have achieved promising performance across organs and lesions. However, MedSAM still suffers from compromised performance on specific lesions with intricate…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-16 Kecheng Chen , Xinyu Luo , Tiexin Qin , Jie Liu , Hui Liu , Victor Ho Fun Lee , Hong Yan , Haoliang Li

Due to the cross-domain distribution shift aroused from diverse medical imaging systems, many deep learning segmentation methods fail to perform well on unseen data, which limits their real-world applicability. Recent works have shown the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Shangqi Gao , Hangqi Zhou , Yibo Gao , Xiahai Zhuang

Transformer-based foundation models (FMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable performance in medical image segmentation. However, scaling these models is challenging due to the limited size of medical image datasets within isolated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-20 Yumin Zhang , Yan Gao , Haoran Duan , Hanqing Guo , Tejal Shah , Rajiv Ranjan , Bo Wei

Recent advancements in foundation models have transformed computer vision, driving significant performance improvements across diverse domains, including digital histopathology. However, the advantages of domain-specific histopathology…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Valentina Vadori , Antonella Peruffo , Jean-Marie Graïc , Livio Finos , Enrico Grisan

Brain tumor segmentation presents a formidable challenge in the field of Medical Image Segmentation. While deep-learning models have been useful, human expert segmentation remains the most accurate method. The recently released Segment…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-11 Mohammad Peivandi , Jason Zhang , Michael Lu , Dongxiao Zhu , Zhifeng Kou

Over the past decades, computer-aided diagnosis tools for breast cancer have been developed to enhance screening procedures, yet their clinical adoption remains challenged by data variability and inherent biases. Although foundation models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Elodie Germani , Ilayda Selin Türk , Fatima Zeineddine , Charbel Mourad , Shadi Albarqouni

Large pre-trained models, or foundation models, have shown impressive performance when adapted to a variety of downstream tasks, often out-performing specialized models. Hypernetworks, neural networks that generate some or all of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Jeffrey Gu , Serena Yeung-Levy

Advancements in diffusion-based foundation models have improved text-to-image generation, yet most efforts have been limited to low-resolution settings. As high-resolution image synthesis becomes increasingly essential for various…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-22 Zahra TehraniNasab , Amar Kumar , Tal Arbel

Ultrasound is widely used in obstetric care due to its safety, accessibility, and real-time imaging. However, interpretation remains operator-dependent and susceptible to noise and artifacts. Deep learning models have shown strong…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-28 Leya Barrientos , Yuexi Du , Nicha C. Dvornek

Vision foundation models have demonstrated exceptional generalization capabilities in segmentation tasks for both generic and specialized images. However, a performance gap persists between foundation models and task-specific, specialized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Chengxi Zeng , David Smithard , Alberto M Gambaruto , Tilo Burghardt

In recent years, foundation models such as CLIP, DINO,and CONCH have demonstrated remarkable domain generalization and unsupervised feature extraction capabilities across diverse imaging tasks. However, systematic and independent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Lavish Ramchandani , Aashay Tinaikar , Dev Kumar Das , Rohit Garg , Tijo Thomas

The accurate segmentation of medical images is critical for various healthcare applications. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), especially Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs) like U-Net, have shown remarkable success in medical image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Omid Nejati Manzari , Javad Mirzapour Kaleybar , Hooman Saadat , Shahin Maleki

Large pretrained visual foundation models exhibit impressive general capabilities. However, the extensive prior knowledge inherent in these models can sometimes be a double-edged sword when adapting them to downstream tasks in specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Qinghe Ma , Jian Zhang , Zekun Li , Lei Qi , Qian Yu , Yinghuan Shi

One of the most common tasks in medical imaging is semantic segmentation. Achieving this segmentation automatically has been an active area of research, but the task has been proven very challenging due to the large variation of anatomy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Holger R. Roth , Chen Shen , Hirohisa Oda , Masahiro Oda , Yuichiro Hayashi , Kazunari Misawa , Kensaku Mori

Deep learning-based medical image segmentation typically requires large amount of labeled data for training, making it less applicable in clinical settings due to high annotation cost. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-03 Yichi Zhang , Bohao Lv , Le Xue , Wenbo Zhang , Yuchen Liu , Yu Fu , Yuan Cheng , Yuan Qi
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