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Objective: Domestic abuse cases have risen significantly over the last four years, in part due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges for victims and survivors in accessing support. In this study, we investigate the role that chatbots…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Rahime Belen Saglam , Jason R. C. Nurse , Lisa Sugiura

As people increasingly use AI systems in work and daily life, feedback mechanisms that help them use AI responsibly are urgently needed, particularly in settings where users are not equipped to assess the quality of AI predictions. We study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Dayeon Ki , Kevin Duh , Marine Carpuat

The study illustrates a first step towards an ongoing work aimed at developing a dataset of dialogues potentially useful for customer service conversation management between humans and AI chatbots. The approach exploits ChatGPT 3.5 to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Alfredo Cuzzocrea , Giovanni Pilato , Pablo Garcia Bringas

A natural conversational interface that allows longitudinal symptom tracking would be extremely valuable in health/wellness applications. However, the task of designing emotionally-aware agents for behavior change is still poorly…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Asma Ghandeharioun , Daniel McDuff , Mary Czerwinski , Kael Rowan

Most online information sources are text-based and in Western Languages like English. However, many new and first time users of the Internet are in contexts with low English proficiency and are unable to access vital information online.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Anurag Aribandi , Divyanshu Agrawal , Dipanjan Chakraborty

Chatbots have been an interesting application of natural language generation since its inception. With novel transformer based Generative AI methods, building chatbots have become trivial. Chatbots which are targeted at specific domains for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Bhashithe Abeysinghe , Ruhan Circi

Chatbots are intelligent conversational computer systems designed to mimic human conversation to enable automated online guidance and support. The increased benefits of chatbots led to their wide adoption by many industries in order to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Guendalina Caldarini , Sardar Jaf , Kenneth McGarry

The advent of ChatGPT, a large language model-powered chatbot, has prompted questions about its potential implications for traditional search engines. In this study, we investigate the differences in user behavior when employing search…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Ruiyun Xu , Yue Feng , Hailiang Chen

This research examines how the emotional tone of human-AI interactions shapes ChatGPT and human behavior. In a between-subject experiment, we asked participants to express a specific emotion while working with ChatGPT (GPT-4.0) on two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Florence Bernays , Marco Henriques Pereira , Jochen Menges

This study investigates the capacity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to infer the Big Five personality traits from free-form user interactions. The results demonstrate that a chatbot powered by GPT-4 can infer personality with moderate…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Heinrich Peters , Moran Cerf , Sandra C. Matz

Existing English-teaching chatbots rarely incorporate empathy explicitly in their feedback, but empathetic feedback could help keep students engaged and reduce learner anxiety. Toward this end, we propose the task of negative emotion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Li Siyan , Teresa Shao , Zhou Yu , Julia Hirschberg

Chatbots are conversational software applications designed to interact dialectically with users for a plethora of different purposes. Surprisingly, these colloquial agents have only recently been coupled with computational models of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Federico Castagna , Nadin Kokciyan , Isabel Sassoon , Simon Parsons , Elizabeth Sklar

People increasingly hold sustained, open-ended conversations with large language models (LLMs). Public reports and early studies suggest that, in such settings, models can reinforce delusional or conspiratorial ideation or even amplify…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Peter Kirgis , Ben Hawriluk , Sherrie Feng , Aslan Bilimer , Sam Paech , Zeynep Tufekci

The effectiveness of clarification question models in engaging users within search systems is currently constrained, casting doubt on their overall usefulness. To improve the performance of these models, it is crucial to employ assessment…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Leila Tavakoli , Johanne R. Trippas , Hamed Zamani , Falk Scholer , Mark Sanderson

Both in academic and industry-based research, online evaluation methods are seen as the golden standard for interactive applications like recommendation systems. Naturally, the reason for this is that we can directly measure utility metrics…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Imad Aouali , Amine Benhalloum , Martin Bompaire , Benjamin Heymann , Olivier Jeunen , David Rohde , Otmane Sakhi , Flavian Vasile

We administer a Turing Test to AI Chatbots. We examine how Chatbots behave in a suite of classic behavioral games that are designed to elicit characteristics such as trust, fairness, risk-aversion, cooperation, \textit{etc.}, as well as how…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Qiaozhu Mei , Yutong Xie , Walter Yuan , Matthew O. Jackson

A growing literature studies how humans incorporate advice from algorithms. This study examines an algorithm with millions of daily users: ChatGPT. In a preregistered study, 118 student participants answer 2,828 multiple-choice questions…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Peter Zhang

One challenge for evaluating current sequence- or dialogue-level chatbots, such as Empathetic Open-domain Conversation Models, is to determine whether the chatbot performs in an emotionally consistent way. The most recent work only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Chenxiao Liu , Guanzhi Deng , Tao Ji , Difei Tang , Silai Zheng

Conversation with chatbots based on Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has become one of the major forms of interaction with Artificial Intelligence (AI) in everyday life. What makes this interaction so convenient is that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Sarah Diefenbach , Daniel Ullrich

Background: The increasing deployment of Conversational Artificial Intelligence (CAI) in mental health interventions necessitates an evaluation of their efficacy in rectifying cognitive biases and recognizing affect in human-AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Marcin Rządeczka , Anna Sterna , Julia Stolińska , Paulina Kaczyńska , Marcin Moskalewicz