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Mental health care poses an increasingly serious challenge to modern societies. In this context, there has been a surge in research that utilizes information technologies to address mental health problems, including those aiming to develop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Michimasa Inaba , Mariko Ukiyo , Keiko Takamizo

Morality in dialogue systems has raised great attention in research recently. A moral dialogue system aligned with users' values could enhance conversation engagement and user connections. In this paper, we propose a framework, MoralDial to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Hao Sun , Zhexin Zhang , Fei Mi , Yasheng Wang , Wei Liu , Jianwei Cui , Bin Wang , Qun Liu , Minlie Huang

To overcome the limitations of automated metrics (e.g. BLEU, METEOR) for evaluating dialogue systems, researchers typically use human judgments to provide convergent evidence. While it has been demonstrated that human judgments can suffer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Sashank Santhanam , Samira Shaikh

While Large Language Models (LLMs) can serve as agents to simulate human behaviors (i.e., role-playing agents), we emphasize the importance of point-in-time role-playing. This situates characters at specific moments in the narrative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Jaewoo Ahn , Taehyun Lee , Junyoung Lim , Jin-Hwa Kim , Sangdoo Yun , Hwaran Lee , Gunhee Kim

The lack of time-efficient and reliable evaluation methods hamper the development of conversational dialogue systems (chatbots). Evaluations requiring humans to converse with chatbots are time and cost-intensive, put high cognitive demands…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Jan Deriu , Don Tuggener , Pius von Däniken , Jon Ander Campos , Alvaro Rodrigo , Thiziri Belkacem , Aitor Soroa , Eneko Agirre , Mark Cieliebak

Recent work in open-domain conversational agents has demonstrated that significant improvements in model engagingness and humanness metrics can be achieved via massive scaling in both pre-training data and model size (Adiwardana et al.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Kurt Shuster , Eric Michael Smith , Da Ju , Jason Weston

Evaluating the quality of a dialogue interaction between two agents is a difficult task, especially in open-domain chit-chat style dialogue. There have been recent efforts to develop automatic dialogue evaluation metrics, but most of them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Koustuv Sinha , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Jasmine Wang , Ryan Lowe , William L. Hamilton , Joelle Pineau

Many classical fairy tales, fiction, and screenplays leverage dialogue to advance story plots and establish characters. We present the first study to explore whether machines can understand and generate dialogue in stories, which requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Jianzhu Yao , Ziqi Liu , Jian Guan , Minlie Huang

There are growing concerns about the risks posed by AI companion applications designed for emotional engagement. Existing safety evaluations often rely on self-reported user data or interviews, offering limited insights into real-time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Prerna Juneja , Lika Lomidze

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced virtual educators and learners, bridging NLP with AI4Education. Existing work often lacks scalability and fails to leverage diverse, large-scale course content, with limited frameworks for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Jiahuan Pei , Fanghua Ye , Xin Sun , Wentao Deng , Koen Hindriks , Junxiao Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly relied upon for complex multi-turn conversations across diverse real-world applications. However, existing benchmarks predominantly focus on single-turn evaluations, overlooking the models'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Wai-Chung Kwan , Xingshan Zeng , Yuxin Jiang , Yufei Wang , Liangyou Li , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu , Kam-Fai Wong

Multimodal foundation models, such as Gemini and ChatGPT, have revolutionized human-machine interactions by seamlessly integrating various forms of data. Developing a universal spoken language model that comprehends a wide range of natural…

We propose a novel preference alignment framework for improving spoken dialogue models on real-time conversations from user interactions. Current preference learning methods primarily focus on text-based language models, and are not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Anne Wu , Laurent Mazaré , Neil Zeghidour , Alexandre Défossez

A good conversation requires balance -- between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Abigail See , Stephen Roller , Douwe Kiela , Jason Weston

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is rapidly emerging as a pivotal open standard, designed to enhance agent-tool integration and interoperability, and is positioned to unlock a new era of powerful, interconnected, and genuinely utilitarian…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Zikang Guo , Benfeng Xu , Chiwei Zhu , Wentao Hong , Xiaorui Wang , Zhendong Mao

The rapid proliferation of benchmarks for evaluating large language models (LLMs) has created an urgent need for systematic methods to assess benchmark quality itself. We propose Benchmark^2, a comprehensive framework comprising three…

We present SalesSim, a framework and testbed for evaluating the ability of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to simulate realistic, persona-driven customer behavior in multi-turn, multi-modal, tool-augmented online retail…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yada Pruksachatkun , Elaine Wan , Lyanna Chen , Kai-Wei Chang , Chien-Sheng Wu

Spoken dialogue modeling poses challenges beyond text-based language modeling, requiring real-time interaction, turn-taking, and backchanneling. While most Spoken Dialogue Models (SDMs) operate in half-duplex mode-processing one turn at a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Guan-Ting Lin , Jiachen Lian , Tingle Li , Qirui Wang , Gopala Anumanchipalli , Alexander H. Liu , Hung-yi Lee

With a major focus on its history, difficulties, and promise, this research paper provides a thorough analysis of the chatbot technology environment as it exists today. It provides a very flexible chatbot system that makes use of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Shivom Aggarwal , Shourya Mehra , Pritha Mitra

Current role-play studies often rely on unvalidated LLM-as-a-judge paradigms, which may fail to reflect how humans perceive role fidelity. A key prerequisite for human-aligned evaluation is role identification, the ability to recognize who…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Lingfeng Zhou , Jialing Zhang , Jin Gao , Mohan Jiang , Dequan Wang