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Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising approach for privacy-preserving model training across decentralized devices. However, it faces challenges such as statistical heterogeneity and susceptibility to adversarial attacks, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Jialuo He , Wei Chen , Xiaojin Zhang

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods typically assume that Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained on data from a single device or client. However, real-world scenarios often require fine-tuning these models on private data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Sajjad Ghiasvand , Yifan Yang , Zhiyu Xue , Mahnoosh Alizadeh , Zheng Zhang , Ramtin Pedarsani

Federated LoRA enables parameter-efficient adaptation of large language models under decentralized data and limited client resources.However, directly averaging LoRA factors is representation-dependent: the same intrinsic update admits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jinqian Chen , Chang Liu , Jihua Zhu

By adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to domain-specific tasks or enriching them with domain-specific knowledge, we can fully harness the capabilities of LLMs. Nonetheless, a gap persists in achieving simultaneous mutual enhancement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Tao Fan , Yan Kang , Guoqiang Ma , Lixin Fan , Shuoling Liu , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have emphasized the critical role of fine-tuning (FT) techniques in adapting LLMs to specific tasks, especially when retraining from scratch is computationally infeasible. Fine-tuning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Xiao Han , Zimo Zhao , Wanyu Wang , Maolin Wang , Zitao Liu , Yi Chang , Xiangyu Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) show amazing performance on many domain-specific tasks after fine-tuning with some appropriate data. However, many domain-specific data are privately distributed across multiple owners. Thus, this dilemma raises…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Feijie Wu , Zitao Li , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Jing Gao

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved robust performance across diverse tasks, but fine-tuning these models for specific domains remains resource-intensive. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Yuxuan Zhang , Ruizhe Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized intelligent services by enabling logical reasoning, tool use, and interaction with external systems as agents. The advancement of LLMs is frequently hindered by the scarcity of high-quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Panlong Wu , Kangshuo Li , Junbao Nan , Fangxin Wang

Federated learning (FL) has enabled the training of multilingual large language models (LLMs) on diverse and decentralized multilingual data, especially on low-resource languages. To improve client-specific performance, personalization via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Royson Lee , Minyoung Kim , Fady Rezk , Rui Li , Stylianos I. Venieris , Timothy Hospedales

Federated Learning (FL) is a decentralized learning approach that protects sensitive information by utilizing local model parameters rather than sharing clients' raw datasets. While this privacy-preserving method is widely employed across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Yasaman Saadati , M. Hadi Amini

With the increasing availability of Foundation Models, federated tuning has garnered attention in the field of federated learning, utilizing data and computation resources from multiple clients to collaboratively fine-tune foundation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Shangchao Su , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

Federated fine-tuning of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE)-based large language models (LLMs) is challenging due to their massive computational requirements and the resource constraints of participants. Existing working attempts to fill this gap…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Fahao Chen , Jie Wan , Peng Li , Zhou Su , Dongxiao Yu

Large language models are rapidly gaining popularity and have been widely adopted in real-world applications. While the quality of training data is essential, privacy concerns arise during data collection. Federated learning offers a…

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is one of the most widely used techniques for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs). By introducing a small number of trainable low-rank weight matrices, LoRA substantially reduces the number of parameters that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Seokmin Ko

Adapting foundation models for medical image analysis requires finetuning them on a considerable amount of data because of extreme distribution shifts between natural (source) data used for pretraining and medical (target) data. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Mothilal Asokan , Joseph Geo Benjamin , Mohammad Yaqub , Karthik Nandakumar

Instruction tuning is a crucial step in improving the responsiveness of pretrained large language models (LLMs) to human instructions. Federated learning (FL) helps to exploit the use of vast private instruction data from clients, becoming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Zhen Qin , Zhaomin Wu , Bingsheng He , Shuiguang Deng

Federated fine-tuning of pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) enables task-specific adaptation across diverse datasets while preserving privacy. However, challenges such as high computational and memory demands, heterogeneous client…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Yang Su , Na Yan , Yansha Deng , Mischa Dohler , Robert Schober

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has become ubiquitous for efficiently fine-tuning foundation models. However, federated fine-tuning using LoRA is challenging due to suboptimal updates arising from traditional federated averaging of individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Raghav Singhal , Kaustubh Ponkshe , Rohit Vartak , Lav R. Varshney , Praneeth Vepakomma

Federated Learning (FL) is a widely used framework for training models in a decentralized manner, ensuring that the central server does not have direct access to data from local clients. However, this approach may still fail to fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Sangwoo Park , Seanie Lee , Byungjoo Kim , Sung Ju Hwang

This paper studies a new task of federated learning (FL) for semantic parsing, where multiple clients collaboratively train one global model without sharing their semantic parsing data. By leveraging data from multiple clients, the FL…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Tianshu Zhang , Changchang Liu , Wei-Han Lee , Yu Su , Huan Sun