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While large language models (LLMs) have proven to be effective on a large variety of tasks, they are also known to hallucinate information. To measure whether an LLM prefers factually consistent continuations of its input, we propose a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Derek Tam , Anisha Mascarenhas , Shiyue Zhang , Sarah Kwan , Mohit Bansal , Colin Raffel

The increasing application of multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) across various sectors have spotlighted the essence of their output reliability and accuracy, particularly their ability to produce content grounded in factual…

Uncertainty quantification is essential for assessing the reliability and trustworthiness of modern AI systems. Among existing approaches, verbalized uncertainty, where models express their confidence through natural language, has emerged…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Weihao Xuan , Qingcheng Zeng , Heli Qi , Junjue Wang , Naoto Yokoya

As software systems grow more complex, automated testing has become essential to ensuring reliability and performance. Traditional methods for boundary value test input generation can be time-consuming and may struggle to address all…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Xiujing Guo , Chen Li , Tatsuhiro Tsuchiya

Verification is one of the central tasks in circuit and system design. While simulation and emulation are widely used, complete correctness can only be ensured based on formal proof techniques. But these approaches often have very high run…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Rolf Drechsler

In machine learning (ML) verification, the majority of procedures are non-quantitative and therefore cannot be used for verifying probabilistic models, or be applied in domains where hard guarantees are practically unachievable. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Paolo Morettin , Andrea Passerini , Roberto Sebastiani

Large language models (LLMs) have recently emerged as a promising approach for automating Verilog code generation; however, existing methods primarily emphasize syntactic correctness and often rely on commercial models or external…

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have witnessed remarkable growth, showcasing formidable capabilities in handling intricate multimodal tasks with exceptional performance. Recent research has underscored the inclination of large language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Haiqi Yang , Jinzhe Li , Gengxu Li , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

Visual instruction tuning (VIT) has emerged as a crucial technique for enabling multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) to follow user instructions adeptly. Yet, a significant gap persists in understanding the attributes of high-quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yiwei Ma , Guohai Xu , Xiaoshuai Sun , Jiayi Ji , Jie Lou , Debing Zhang , Rongrong Ji

We introduce FinDVer, a comprehensive benchmark specifically designed to evaluate the explainable claim verification capabilities of LLMs in the context of understanding and analyzing long, hybrid-content financial documents. FinDVer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Yilun Zhao , Yitao Long , Yuru Jiang , Chengye Wang , Weiyuan Chen , Hongjun Liu , Yiming Zhang , Xiangru Tang , Chen Zhao , Arman Cohan

Memory consistency models (MCMs) which govern inter-module interactions in a shared memory system, are a significant, yet often under-appreciated, aspect of system design. MCMs are defined at the various layers of the hardware-software…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-02-09 Caroline Trippel , Yatin A. Manerkar , Daniel Lustig , Michael Pellauer , Margaret Martonosi

Validation is one of the software engineering disciplines that help build quality into software. The major objective of software validation process is to determine that the software performs its intended functions correctly and provide…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2011-03-22 Mahmoud Khraiwesh

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have substantially advanced video misinformation detection through unified multimodal reasoning, but they often rely on fixed-depth inference and place excessive trust in internally generated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Zehao Li , Hongwei Yu , Hao Jiang , Qiang Sheng , Yilong Xu , Baolong Bi , Yang Li , Zhenlong Yuan , Yujun Cai , Zhaoqi Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced natural language processing (NLP) tasks but also pose ethical and societal risks due to their propensity to generate harmful content. Existing methods have limitations, including the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Ximing Dong , Dayi Lin , Shaowei Wang , Ahmed E. Hassan

Due to the increasing usage of machine learning (ML) techniques in security- and safety-critical domains, such as autonomous systems and medical diagnosis, ensuring correct behavior of ML systems, especially for different corner cases, is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Kexin Pei , Linjie Zhu , Yinzhi Cao , Junfeng Yang , Carl Vondrick , Suman Jana

Large language models (LLMs) are leading significant progress in code generation. Beyond one-pass code generation, recent works further integrate unit tests and program verifiers into LLMs to iteratively refine the generated programs.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Li Zhong , Zilong Wang , Jingbo Shang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in aligning visual and textual modalities, enabling a wide range of applications in multimodal understanding and generation. While they excel in zero-shot and transfer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Hao Dong , Moru Liu , Jian Liang , Eleni Chatzi , Olga Fink

We propose a human in the loop approach for black-box testing of Functional Mock-up Units (FMUs) using Large Language Models (LLMs). The goal is to reduce the manual effort in defining test scenarios for dynamic simulation models and to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Abdullah Mughees , Gaadha Sudheerbabu , Tanwir Ahmad , Dragos Truscan , Mikael Manngård , Kristian Klemets

Process supervision, using a trained verifier to evaluate the intermediate steps generated by a reasoner, has demonstrated significant improvements in multi-step problem solving. In this paper, to avoid the expensive effort of human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Zihan Wang , Yunxuan Li , Yuexin Wu , Liangchen Luo , Le Hou , Hongkun Yu , Jingbo Shang

The synthesis of inductive loop invariants is a critical bottleneck in automated program verification. While Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise in mitigating this issue, they often fail on hard instances, generating invariants that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Ido Pinto , Yizhak Yisrael Elboher , Haoze Wu , Nina Narodytska , Guy Katz
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