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The use of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has improved Large Language Models (LLMs) in collaborating with external data, yet significant challenges exist in real-world scenarios. In areas such as academic literature and finance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Yulong Hui , Yao Lu , Huanchen Zhang

The task of definition detection is important for scholarly papers, because papers often make use of technical terminology that may be unfamiliar to readers. Despite prior work on definition detection, current approaches are far from being…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Dongyeop Kang , Andrew Head , Risham Sidhu , Kyle Lo , Daniel S. Weld , Marti A. Hearst

Extracting structured information from text, such as key-value pairs that could augment tabular data, is quite useful in many enterprise use cases. Although large language models (LLMs) have enabled numerous automated pipelines for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Satyananda Kashyap , Sola Shirai , Nandana Mihindukulasooriya , Horst Samulowitz

Sentence-by-sentence information extraction from long documents is an exhausting and error-prone task. As the indicator of document skeleton, catalogs naturally chunk documents into segments and provide informative cascade semantics, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Tong Zhu , Guoliang Zhang , Zechang Li , Zijian Yu , Junfei Ren , Mengsong Wu , Zhefeng Wang , Baoxing Huai , Pingfu Chao , Wenliang Chen

Recently, there has been a growing interest among large language model (LLM) developers in LLM-based document reading systems, which enable users to upload their own documents and pose questions related to the document contents, going…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Anni Zou , Wenhao Yu , Hongming Zhang , Kaixin Ma , Deng Cai , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao , Dong Yu

Table of contents (ToC) extraction aims to extract headings of different levels in documents to better understand the outline of the contents, which can be widely used for document understanding and information retrieval. Existing works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Pengfei Hu , Zhenrong Zhang , Jianshu Zhang , Jun Du , Jiajia Wu

Document parsing aims to transform unstructured PDF images into semi-structured data, facilitating the digitization and utilization of information in diverse domains. While vision language models (VLMs) have significantly advanced this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Qintong Zhang , Junyuan Zhang , Zhifei Ren , Linke Ouyang , Zichen Wen , Junbo Niu , Yuan Qu , Bin Wang , Ka-Ho Chow , Conghui He , Wentao Zhang

The ability to understand and answer questions over documents can be useful in many business and practical applications. However, documents often contain lengthy and diverse multimodal contents such as texts, figures, and tables, which are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yew Ken Chia , Liying Cheng , Hou Pong Chan , Chaoqun Liu , Maojia Song , Sharifah Mahani Aljunied , Soujanya Poria , Lidong Bing

Extracting structured information from unstructured text is critical for many downstream NLP applications and is traditionally achieved by closed information extraction (cIE). However, existing approaches for cIE suffer from two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Nacime Bouziani , Shubhi Tyagi , Joseph Fisher , Jens Lehmann , Andrea Pierleoni

Speculative Decoding (SD) has emerged as a critical technique for accelerating Large Language Model (LLM) inference. Unlike deterministic system optimizations, SD performance is inherently data-dependent, meaning that diverse and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Talor Abramovich , Maor Ashkenazi , Izzy Putterman , Benjamin Chislett , Tiyasa Mitra , Bita Darvish Rouhani , Ran Zilberstein , Yonatan Geifman

Document parsing has recently advanced with multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that directly map document images to structured outputs. Traditional cascaded pipelines depend on precise layout analysis and often fail under casually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Gengluo Li , Pengyuan Lyu , Chengquan Zhang , Huawen Shen , Liang Wu , Xingyu Wan , Gangyan Zeng , Han Hu , Can Ma , Yu Zhou

Recently, a new paradigm called Differentiable Search Index (DSI) has been proposed for document retrieval, wherein a sequence-to-sequence model is learned to directly map queries to relevant document identifiers. The key idea behind DSI is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Yubao Tang , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Jiangui Chen , Zuowei Zhu , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Xueqi Cheng

Accurate parsing of citations is necessary for machine-readable scholarly infrastructure. But, despite sustained interest in this problem, existing evaluation techniques are often not generalizable, based on synthetic data, or not publicly…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Parth Sarin , Juan Pablo Alperin , Adam Buttrick , Dione Mentis

Since real-world ubiquitous documents (e.g., invoices, tickets, resumes and leaflets) contain rich information, automatic document image understanding has become a hot topic. Most existing works decouple the problem into two separate tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Peng Zhang , Yunlu Xu , Zhanzhan Cheng , Shiliang Pu , Jing Lu , Liang Qiao , Yi Niu , Fei Wu

Event extraction has gained considerable interest due to its wide-ranging applications. However, recent studies draw attention to evaluation issues, suggesting that reported scores may not accurately reflect the true performance. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Kuan-Hao Huang , I-Hung Hsu , Tanmay Parekh , Zhiyu Xie , Zixuan Zhang , Premkumar Natarajan , Kai-Wei Chang , Nanyun Peng , Heng Ji

Decomposing images of document pages into high-level semantic regions (e.g., figures, tables, paragraphs), document object detection (DOD) is fundamental for downstream tasks like intelligent document editing and understanding. DOD remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Kai Li , Curtis Wigington , Chris Tensmeyer , Handong Zhao , Nikolaos Barmpalios , Vlad I. Morariu , Varun Manjunatha , Tong Sun , Yun Fu

Relevant information in documents is often summarized in tables, helping the reader to identify useful facts. Most benchmark datasets support either document layout analysis or table understanding, but lack in providing data to apply both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Andrea Gemelli , Emanuele Vivoli , Simone Marinai

The problem of document structure reconstruction refers to converting digital or scanned documents into corresponding semantic structures. Most existing works mainly focus on splitting the boundary of each element in a single document page,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Jiefeng Ma , Jun Du , Pengfei Hu , Zhenrong Zhang , Jianshu Zhang , Huihui Zhu , Cong Liu

Existing scholarly information extraction (SIE) datasets focus on scientific papers and overlook implementation-level details in code repositories. README files describe datasets, source code, and other implementation-level artifacts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Genet Asefa Gesese , Zongxiong Chen , Shufan Jiang , Mary Ann Tan , Zhaotai Liu , Sonja Schimmler , Harald Sack

The increasing prevalence of malicious Portable Document Format (PDF) files necessitates robust and comprehensive feature extraction techniques for effective detection and analysis. This work presents a unified framework that integrates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Sharmila S P