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Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are increasingly deployed across diverse real-world settings, where they must operate under data distributions that differ from those seen during training. This challenge is central to Domain Generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Jean Erik Delanois , Shruti Joshi , Ryan Golden , Teresa Nick , Maxim Bazhenov

Batch normalization (BN) is a popular and ubiquitous method in deep learning that has been shown to decrease training time and improve generalization performance of neural networks. Despite its success, BN is not theoretically well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Susanna Lange , Kyle Helfrich , Qiang Ye

We propose a universal background subtraction framework based on the Arithmetic Distribution Neural Network (ADNN) for learning the distributions of temporal pixels. In our ADNN model, the arithmetic distribution operations are utilized to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Chenqiu Zhao , Kangkang Hu , Anup Basu

Audio scene classification, the problem of predicting class labels of audio scenes, has drawn lots of attention during the last several years. However, it remains challenging and falls short of accuracy and efficiency. Recently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-21 Kele Xu , Dawei Feng , Haibo Mi , Boqing Zhu , Dezhi Wang , Lilun Zhang , Hengxing Cai , Shuwen Liu

Recent studies often exploit Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) to model label dependencies to improve recognition accuracy for multi-label image recognition. However, constructing a graph by counting the label co-occurrence possibilities of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Jin Ye , Junjun He , Xiaojiang Peng , Wenhao Wu , Yu Qiao

Batch normalization (BN) is an effective method to accelerate model training and improve the generalization performance of neural networks. In this paper, we propose an improved batch normalization technique called attentive batch…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-03 Fenglin Ding , Wu Guo , Lirong Dai , Jun Du

To read the final version please go to IEEE TGRS on IEEE Xplore. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been attracting increasing attention in hyperspectral (HS) image classification, owing to their ability to capture spatial-spectral…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Danfeng Hong , Lianru Gao , Jing Yao , Bing Zhang , Antonio Plaza , Jocelyn Chanussot

Artificial intelligence systems predominantly rely on static data distributions, making them ineffective in dynamic real-world environments, such as cybersecurity, autonomous transportation, or finance, where data shifts frequently.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Isabella Marasco , Davide Evangelista , Elena Loli Piccolomini , Michele Colajanni

Batch normalization (BN) is a technique to normalize activations in intermediate layers of deep neural networks. Its tendency to improve accuracy and speed up training have established BN as a favorite technique in deep learning. Yet,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Johan Bjorck , Carla Gomes , Bart Selman , Kilian Q. Weinberger

In this paper, we propose a generalization of the Batch Normalization (BN) algorithm, diminishing batch normalization (DBN), where we update the BN parameters in a diminishing moving average way. BN is very effective in accelerating the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Yintai Ma , Diego Klabjan

Batch Normalization (BN) has become an out-of-box technique to improve deep network training. However, its effectiveness is limited for micro-batch training, i.e., each GPU typically has only 1-2 images for training, which is inevitable for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Siyuan Qiao , Huiyu Wang , Chenxi Liu , Wei Shen , Alan Yuille

Fine-tuning is widely applied in image classification tasks as a transfer learning approach. It re-uses the knowledge from a source task to learn and obtain a high performance in target tasks. Fine-tuning is able to alleviate the challenge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Xuyang Shen , Jo Plested , Sabrina Caldwell , Yiran Zhong , Tom Gedeon

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are powerful models for sequential data that have the potential to learn long-term dependencies. However, they are computationally expensive to train and difficult to parallelize. Recent work has shown that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-10-07 César Laurent , Gabriel Pereyra , Philémon Brakel , Ying Zhang , Yoshua Bengio

Context modeling is one of the most fertile subfields of visual recognition which aims at designing discriminant image representations while incorporating their intrinsic and extrinsic relationships. However, the potential of context…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Mingyuan Jiu , Hichem Sahbi

Our research is focused on two main applications of crowd scene analysis crowd counting and anomaly detection In recent years a large number of researches have been presented in the domain of crowd counting We addressed two main challenges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Muhammad Junaid Asif

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are becoming increasingly popular models to predict neural responses in visual cortex. However, contextual effects, which are prevalent in neural processing and in perception, are not explicitly…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-12-27 Luis Gonzalo Sanchez Giraldo , Odelia Schwartz

Understanding the mechanism of generative adversarial networks (GANs) helps us better use GANs for downstream applications. Existing efforts mainly target interpreting unconditional models, leaving it less explored how a conditional GAN…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Yingqing He , Zhiyi Zhang , Jiapeng Zhu , Yujun Shen , Qifeng Chen

Deep learning systems have been successfully applied to Euclidean data such as images, video, and audio. In many applications, however, information and their relationships are better expressed with graphs. Graph Convolutional Networks…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Tong Geng , Ang Li , Runbin Shi , Chunshu Wu , Tianqi Wang , Yanfei Li , Pouya Haghi , Antonino Tumeo , Shuai Che , Steve Reinhardt , Martin Herbordt

A critically important, ubiquitous, and yet poorly understood ingredient in modern deep networks (DNs) is batch normalization (BN), which centers and normalizes the feature maps. To date, only limited progress has been made understanding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Randall Balestriero , Richard G. Baraniuk

Recent accelerated MRI reconstruction models have used Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to reconstruct relatively high-quality images from highly undersampled k-space data, enabling much faster MRI scanning. However, these techniques sometimes…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-12 Itzik Malkiel , Sangtae Ahn , Valentina Taviani , Anne Menini , Lior Wolf , Christopher J. Hardy