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Gravitational waves (GWs) are direct probes of cosmological gravity, sensitive to space-time inhomogeneities along their propagation. The presence of massive objects breaks homogeneity and isotropy, allowing for new interactions between…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-12 Nicola Menadeo , Serena Giardino , Miguel Zumalacárregui

It is shown that accurate photometric observations of a relatively high--magnification microlensing event ($A\gg 1$), occurring close to the line of sight of a gravitational wave (GW) source, represented by a binary star, can allow the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 R. Ragazzoni , G. Valente , E. Marchetti

The increase in gravitational wave (GW) events has allowed receiving strong lensing image pairs of GWs. However, the wave effect (diffraction and interference) due to the microlens field contaminates the parameter estimation of the image…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-24 Xikai Shan , Guoliang Li , Xuechun Chen , Wenwen Zheng , Wen Zhao

With increasing sensitivities of the current ground-based gravitational-wave (GW) detectors, the prospects of detecting a strongly lensed GW signal are going to be high in the coming years. When such a signal passes through an intervening…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-13 Anuj Mishra , Ashish Kumar Meena , Anupreeta More , Sukanta Bose , J S Bagla

The study of light lensed by cosmic matter has yielded much information about astrophysical questions. Observations are explained using geometrical optics following a ray-based description of light. After deflection the lensed light…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-22 Valeria Rodriguez-Fajardo , Thao P. Nguyen , Kiyan S. Hocek , Jacob M. Freedman , Enrique J. Galvez

A small fraction of the gravitational-wave (GW) signals from binary black holes observable by ground-based detectors will be strongly lensed by intervening objects such as galaxies and clusters. Strong lensing will produce nearly identical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-03 A. Barsode , S. Goyal , P. Ajith

We propose a novel method for detecting gravitational waves (GW), where a light signal emitted from a distant star interacts with a local (also distant) GW source and travels towards the Earth, where it is detected. While traveling in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. B. Lesovik , A. V. Lebedev , V. Mounutcharyan , T. Martin

Every signal propagating through the universe is diffracted by the gravitational fields of intervening objects, aka gravitational lenses. Diffraction is most efficient when caused by compact lenses, which invariably produce additional…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-29 Miguel Zumalacárregui

Gravitational lensing is predicted by general relativity and is found in observations. When a gravitating body is surrounded by a plasma, the lensing angle depends on a frequency of the electromagnetic wave due to refraction properties, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan , O. Yu. Tsupko

Strong gravitational lensing of gravitational waves (GWs) has been forecasted to become detectable in the upcoming observing runs. However, definitively distinguishing pairs of lensed sources from random associations is a challenging…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-31 Mesut Çalışkan , Jose María Ezquiaga , Otto A. Hannuksela , Daniel E. Holz

Gravitational waves from the distant sources are gravitationally lensed during their propagation through the intervening matter inhomogeneities before arriving at detectors. It has been proposed in the literature that the variance of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-15 Makoto Inamori , Teruaki Suyama

Probing the relative speeds of gravitational waves and light acts as an important test of General Relativity and alternative theories of gravity. Measuring the arrival time of gravitational waves and electromagnetic counterparts can be used…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-03-08 Thomas E. Collett , David Bacon

When gravitational waves pass through the nuclear star clusters of galactic lenses, they may be microlensed by the stars. Such microlensing can cause potentially observable beating patterns on the waveform due to waveform superposition and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-10 Mark H. Y. Cheung , Joseph Gais , Otto A. Hannuksela , Tjonnie G. F. Li

Gravitational lensing is a universal phenomenon: it affects both gravitational waves (GWs) and electromagnetic signals travelling through the gravitational field of a massive object. In this work, we explore the prospects of observing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-24 Shashwat Singh , Guilherme Brando , Stefano Savastano , Miguel Zumalacárregui

Plane-symmetric gravitational waves are considered as gravitational lenses. Numbers of images, frequency shifts, mutual angles, and image distortion parameters are computed exactly in essentially all non-singular plane wave spacetimes. For…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-11 Abraham I. Harte

We propose a space-based gravitational wave detector consisting of two spatially separated, drag-free satellites sharing ultra-stable optical laser light over a single baseline. Each satellite contains an optical lattice atomic clock, which…

We discuss the future detectability of gravitational-wave induced lensing from high-sensitivity cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments. Gravitational waves can induce a rotational component of the weak-lensing deflection angle,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-11 Toshiya Namikawa , Daisuke Yamauchi , Atsushi Taruya

The gravitational lensing wave effect generated by a microlensing field embedded in a lens galaxy is an inevitable phenomenon in strong lensed gravitational waves (SLGWs). This effect presents both challenges and opportunities for the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-24 Xikai Shan , Guoliang Li , Xuechun Chen , Wen Zhao , Bin Hu , Shude Mao

Based on the rate of gravitational-wave (GW) detections by Advanced LIGO and Virgo, we expect these detectors to observe hundreds of binary black hole mergers as they achieve their design sensitivities (within a few years). A small fraction…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-19 K. Haris , Ajit Kumar Mehta , Sumit Kumar , Tejaswi Venumadhav , Parameswaran Ajith

Strong gravitational lensing is a gravitational wave (GW) propagation effect that influences the inferred GW source parameters and the cosmological environment. Identifying strongly-lensed GW images is challenging as waveform amplitude…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-02 Yijun Wang , Rico K. L. Lo , Alvin K. Y. Li , Yanbei Chen