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Lattice simulations have observed a novel strong coupling symmetric mass generation (SMG) phase for the SU(3) gauge system with $N_f=8$ fundamental fermions (represented by two sets of staggered fields) at very large renormalized coupling…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2024-12-16 Anna Hasenfratz , Oliver Witzel

In recent years tantalizing signs for a novel phase have been reported that is chirally symmetric but nevertheless exhibits massive bound states. The necessary condition for such a phase, referred to as Symmetric Mass Generation (SMG), is…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2025-12-01 Anna Hasenfratz , Oliver Witzel

We study the phase structure of a model containing two flavors of massless staggered fermions interacting through two independent four-fermion couplings, UI and UB, formulated on a three-dimensional Euclidean space-time lattice. At UB = 0,…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2026-02-23 Sandip Maiti , Debasish Banerjee , Shailesh Chandrasekharan , Marina K. Marinkovic

We construct a four dimensional lattice gauge theory in which fermions acquire mass without breaking symmetries as a result of gauge interactions. Our model consists of reduced staggered fermions transforming in the bifundamental…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-11-02 Nouman Butt , Simon Catterall , Goksu Can Toga

Massless 2+1D Dirac fermions arise in a variety of systems from graphene to the surfaces of topological insulators, where generating a mass is typically associated with breaking a symmetry. However, with strong interactions, a symmetric…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-02-21 Yi-Zhuang You , Yin-Chen He , Cenke Xu , Ashvin Vishwanath

We explore the phase diagram of a lattice fermion model that exhibits three distinct phases: a massless fermion (MF) phase; a massive fermion phase with spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) induced by a fermion bilinear condensate; and a…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2026-01-01 Sandip Maiti , Debasish Banerjee , Shailesh Chandrasekharan , Marina K. Marinkovic

Signatures of symmetric mass generation (SMG) have recently been reported in lattice QCD calculations employing staggered fermions. We discuss the general criteria for SMG, and demonstrate that these conditions are indeed met by the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2026-04-06 Anna Hasenfratz , Cenke Xu

We study the dynamics and phase structure of Abelian gauge theories in $d=1+1$ dimensions. These include $U(1)$ gauge theory coupled to a scalar and a fermion, as well as the two-flavour Schwinger model with different charges. Both theories…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-23 Rishi Mouland , David Tong , Bernardo Zan

We investigate the phase structure of SU(4) gauge theory with the gauge field simultaneously coupled to two flavors of fermion in the fundamental representation and two flavors of fermion in the two-index antisymmetric representation. We…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2018-06-13 Venkitesh Ayyar , Thomas DeGrand , Daniel C. Hackett , William I. Jay , Ethan T. Neil , Yigal Shamir , Benjamin Svetitsky

We study a model of four reduced staggered fields transforming in the bifundamental representation of a $SU(2)\times SU(2)$ symmetry group where just one of the SU(2) factors is gauged. This field content and symmetries are similar to a…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2018-11-05 Nouman Butt , Simon Catterall

We investigate a three-dimensional lattice model of two flavors of massless staggered fermions coupled through two independent four-fermion interactions, $U_I$ and $U_B$. Using large-scale fermion-bag Monte Carlo simulations, we map out the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2026-02-27 Sandip Maiti , Debasish Banerjee , Shailesh Chandrasekharan , Marina K. Marinkovic

We have performed numerical simulations of SU(3) gauge theory coupled to Nf=2 flavors of symmetric representation fermions. The fermions are discretized with the tadpole-improved clover action. Our simulations are done on lattices of length…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2009-02-20 Thomas DeGrand , Yigal Shamir , Benjamin Svetitsky

We propose a novel solution to the Strong CP problem -- to explain why SU(3) strong force has a nearly zero theta angle $\bar\theta_3 \simeq 0$ for the 4d Standard Model (SM). The new ingredient is Symmetric Mass Generation (SMG):…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-01-20 Juven Wang

Symmetric mass generation is the name given to a mechanism for gapping fermions while preserving a chiral, but necessarily non-anomalous, symmetry. In this paper we describe how symmetric mass generation for continuous symmetries can be…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-07-13 David Tong

In this talk we present a numerical lattice study of an SU(3) gauge model where an SU(2) doublet of non-Abelian strongly interacting fermions is coupled to a complex scalar field doublet via a Yukawa and a Wilson-like term. The model enjoys…

We study the phase structure of SU(3) lattice gauge theory with Nf=12 staggered fermions in the fundamental representation, for both zero and finite temperature at strong gauge couplings. For small fermion masses we find two transitions at…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2012-05-28 Anqi Cheng , Anna Hasenfratz , David Schaich

The symmetric mass generation (SMG) approach to the construction of lattice chiral gauge theories attempts to use interactions to render mirror fermions massive without symmetry breaking, to obtain the desired chiral massless spectrum…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2026-03-18 Maarten Golterman , Yigal Shamir

A central question beyond the Landau paradigm is the non-perturbative critical theory of the symmetric mass generation (SMG) transition, where strong interactions gap Dirac fermions in (2+1) dimensions without triggering spontaneous…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-04-20 Cheng-Hao He , Yi-Zhuang You , Xiao Yan Xu

The symmetric mass generation (SMG) phase is an insulator in which a single-particle gap is intrinsically opened by the interaction, without involving symmetry spontaneously breaking or topological order. Here, we perform unbiased quantum…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-11-17 Wei-Xuan Chang , Sibo Guo , Yi-Zhuang You , Zi-Xiang Li

Symmetric mass generation is a novel mechanism to give gapless fermions a mass gap by non-perturbative interactions without generating any fermion bilinear condensation. The previous studies of symmetric mass generation have been limited to…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-05-23 Da-Chuan Lu , Meng Zeng , Juven Wang , Yi-Zhuang You
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