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Interpretable surrogates of black-box predictors trained on high-dimensional tabular datasets can struggle to generate comprehensible explanations in the presence of correlated variables. We propose a model-agnostic interpretable surrogate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-05 Xavier Renard , Nicolas Woloszko , Jonathan Aigrain , Marcin Detyniecki

Mechanistic interpretability aims to explain neural model behaviour by reverse-engineering learned computational structure into human-understandable components. Without a formal framework, however, mechanistic explanations cannot be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ward Gauderis , Thomas Dooms , Steven T. Holmer , Kola Ayonrinde , Geraint A. Wiggins

Supervised Machine Learning (SML) algorithms, such as Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, and Neural Networks, have become popular in recent years due to their superior predictive performance over traditional statistical methods. However,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-30 Linwei Hu , Jie Chen , Vijayan N. Nair , Agus Sudjianto

We introduce a local surrogate approach for explainable time-series forecasting. An initially non-interpretable predictive model to improve the forecast of a classical time-series 'base model' is used. 'Explainability' of the correction is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-17 Alfredo Lopez , Florian Sobieczky

Interpretable and explainable machine learning has seen a recent surge of interest. We focus on safety as a key motivation behind the surge and make the relationship between interpretability and safety more quantitative. Toward assessing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Dennis Wei , Rahul Nair , Amit Dhurandhar , Kush R. Varshney , Elizabeth M. Daly , Moninder Singh

Decision trees have been a very popular class of predictive models for decades due to their interpretability and good performance on categorical features. However, they are not always robust and tend to overfit the data. Additionally, if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Oktay Gunluk , Jayant Kalagnanam , Minhan Li , Matt Menickelly , Katya Scheinberg

Tree ensembles are non-parametric methods widely recognized for their accuracy and ability to capture complex interactions. While these models excel at prediction, they are difficult to interpret and may fail to uncover useful relationships…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-01 Brian Liu , Rahul Mazumder , Peter Radchenko

This paper proposes a new framework for learning a rule ensemble model that is both accurate and interpretable. A rule ensemble is an interpretable model based on the linear combination of weighted rules. In practice, we often face the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Kentaro Kanamori

Learning to solve long horizon temporally extended tasks with reinforcement learning has been a challenge for several years now. We believe that it is important to leverage both the hierarchical structure of complex tasks and to use expert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Bharat Prakash , Nicholas Waytowich , Tim Oates , Tinoosh Mohsenin

Rule ensembles are designed to provide a useful trade-off between predictive accuracy and model interpretability. However, the myopic and random search components of current rule ensemble methods can compromise this goal: they often need…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Mario Boley , Simon Teshuva , Pierre Le Bodic , Geoffrey I Webb

Recent efforts in Machine Learning (ML) interpretability have focused on creating methods for explaining black-box ML models. However, these methods rely on the assumption that simple approximations, such as linear models or decision-trees,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Owen Lahav , Nicholas Mastronarde , Mihaela van der Schaar

Most of the work on interpretable machine learning has focused on designing either inherently interpretable models, which typically trade-off accuracy for interpretability, or post-hoc explanation systems, whose explanation quality can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Gregory Plumb , Maruan Al-Shedivat , Angel Alexander Cabrera , Adam Perer , Eric Xing , Ameet Talwalkar

In this review, we examine the problem of designing interpretable and explainable machine learning models. Interpretability and explainability lie at the core of many machine learning and statistical applications in medicine, economics,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Ričards Marcinkevičs , Julia E. Vogt

As a multitude of capable machine learning (ML) models become widely available in forms such as open-source software and public APIs, central questions remain regarding their use in real-world applications, especially in high-stakes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Dimitris Bertsimas , Matthew Peroni

There exist applications of reinforcement learning like medicine where policies need to be ''interpretable'' by humans. User studies have shown that some policy classes might be more interpretable than others. However, it is costly to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Hector Kohler , Quentin Delfosse , Waris Radji , Riad Akrour , Philippe Preux

Advancements in mathematical programming have made it possible to efficiently tackle large-scale real-world problems that were deemed intractable just a few decades ago. However, provably optimal solutions may not be accepted due to the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-22 Kevin-Martin Aigner , Marc Goerigk , Michael Hartisch , Frauke Liers , Arthur Miehlich

The ubiquity of machine learning based predictive models in modern society naturally leads people to ask how trustworthy those models are? In predictive modeling, it is quite common to induce a trade-off between accuracy and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-05 John Mitros , Brian Mac Namee

This work introduces a novel interpretable machine learning method called Mixture of Decision Trees (MoDT). It constitutes a special case of the Mixture of Experts ensemble architecture, which utilizes a linear model as gating function and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Simeon Brüggenjürgen , Nina Schaaf , Pascal Kerschke , Marco F. Huber

The use of models, even if efficient, must be accompanied by an understanding at all levels of the process that transforms data (upstream and downstream). Thus, needs increase to define the relationships between individual data and the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-02 Dimitri Delcaillau , Antoine Ly , Alize Papp , Franck Vermet

Small additive ensembles of symbolic rules offer interpretable prediction models. Traditionally, these ensembles use rule conditions based on conjunctions of simple threshold propositions $x \geq t$ on a single input variable $x$ and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Shahrzad Behzadimanesh , Pierre Le Bodic , Geoffrey I. Webb , Mario Boley
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