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Segmentation of anatomical structures and pathological regions in medical images is essential for modern clinical diagnosis, disease research, and treatment planning. While significant advancements have been made in deep learning-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Taha Koleilat , Hojat Asgariandehkordi , Hassan Rivaz , Yiming Xiao

Segmentation is a fundamental problem in surgical scene analysis using artificial intelligence. However, the inherent data scarcity in this domain makes it challenging to adapt traditional segmentation techniques for this task. To tackle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Jay N. Paranjape , Nithin Gopalakrishnan Nair , Shameema Sikder , S. Swaroop Vedula , Vishal M. Patel

Data scarcity and privacy concerns limit the availability of high-quality medical images for public use, which can be mitigated through medical image synthesis. However, current medical image synthesis methods often struggle to accurately…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Wenting Chen , Pengyu Wang , Hui Ren , Lichao Sun , Quanzheng Li , Yixuan Yuan , Xiang Li

Semantic segmentation is a core task in computer vision. Existing methods are generally divided into two categories: automatic and interactive. Interactive approaches, exemplified by the Segment Anything Model (SAM), have shown promise as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Yimu Pan , Sitao Zhang , Alison D. Gernand , Jeffery A. Goldstein , James Z. Wang

Weakly supervised image segmentation with image-level labels has drawn attention due to the high cost of pixel-level annotations. Traditional methods using Class Activation Maps (CAMs) often highlight only the most discriminative regions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Qingchen Tang , Lei Fan , Maurice Pagnucco , Yang Song

Visual prompting has emerged as a powerful method for adapting pre-trained models to new domains without updating model parameters. However, existing prompting methods typically optimize a single prompt per domain and apply it uniformly to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Evren Çetinkaya , Sangmin Lee , Jung Uk Kim , Hong Joo Lee , Nassir Navab

Semantic segmentations of pathological entities have crucial clinical value in computational pathology workflows. Foundation models, such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM), have been recently proposed for universal use in segmentation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-20 Jingwei Zhang , Ke Ma , Saarthak Kapse , Joel Saltz , Maria Vakalopoulou , Prateek Prasanna , Dimitris Samaras

Medical image segmentation has been traditionally approached by training or fine-tuning the entire model to cater to any new modality or dataset. However, this approach often requires tuning a large number of parameters during training.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Jay N. Paranjape , Shameema Sikder , S. Swaroop Vedula , Vishal M. Patel

Automated nodule segmentation is essential for computer-assisted diagnosis in ultrasound images. Nevertheless, most existing methods depend on precise pixel-level annotations by medical professionals, a process that is both costly and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Xingyue Zhao , Peiqi Li , Xiangde Luo , Meng Yang , Shi Chang , Zhongyu Li

In this paper, we propose a novel text promptable surgical instrument segmentation approach to overcome challenges associated with diversity and differentiation of surgical instruments in minimally invasive surgeries. We redefine the task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Zijian Zhou , Oluwatosin Alabi , Meng Wei , Tom Vercauteren , Miaojing Shi

As a fundamental and extensively studied task in computer vision, image segmentation aims to locate and identify different semantic concepts at the pixel level. Recently, inspired by In-Context Learning (ICL), several generalist…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Wei Suo , Lanqing Lai , Mengyang Sun , Hanwang Zhang , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

Few-shot learning has been successfully applied to medical image classification as only very few medical examples are available for training. Due to the challenging problem of limited number of annotated medical images, image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Zhenwei Wang , Qiule Sun , Bingbing Zhang , Pengfei Wang , Jianxin Zhang , Qiang Zhang

Recent advances in promptable segmentation, such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM), have enabled flexible, high-quality mask generation across a wide range of visual domains. However, SAM and similar models remain fundamentally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Tyler Ward , Abdullah Imran

Prompt-free image segmentation aims to generate accurate masks without manual guidance. Typical pre-trained models, notably Segmentation Anything Model (SAM), generate prompts directly at a single granularity level. However, this approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Qiyang Yu , Yu Fang , Tianrui Li , Xuemei Cao , Yan Chen , Jianghao Li , Fan Min , Yi Zhang

Medical image segmentation is a vital healthcare endeavor requiring precise and efficient models for appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Vision transformer (ViT)-based segmentation models have shown great performance in accomplishing this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Numan Saeed , Muhammad Ridzuan , Roba Al Majzoub , Mohammad Yaqub

Universal segmentation models offer significant potential in addressing a wide range of tasks by effectively leveraging discrete annotations. As the scope of tasks and modalities expands, it becomes increasingly important to generate and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yiwen Ye , Ziyang Chen , Jianpeng Zhang , Yutong Xie , Yong Xia

The Segment Anything model (SAM) has shown a generalized ability to group image pixels into patches, but applying it to semantic-aware segmentation still faces major challenges. This paper presents SAM-CP, a simple approach that establishes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Pengfei Chen , Lingxi Xie , Xinyue Huo , Xuehui Yu , Xiaopeng Zhang , Yingfei Sun , Zhenjun Han , Qi Tian

Medical image segmentation, the task of partitioning an image into meaningful parts, is an important step toward automating medical image analysis and is at the crux of a variety of medical imaging applications, such as computer aided…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-06 Masoud S. Nosrati , Ghassan Hamarneh

Medical image segmentation is vital for clinical diagnosis and quantitative analysis, yet remains challenging due to the heterogeneity of imaging modalities and the high cost of pixel-level annotations. Although general interactive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yujie Lu , Jingwen Li , Sibo Ju , Yanzhou Su , he yao , Yisong Liu , Min Zhu , Junlong Cheng

Foundation models refer to artificial intelligence (AI) models that are trained on massive amounts of data and demonstrate broad generalizability across various tasks with high accuracy. These models offer versatile, one-for-many or…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-06 Rina Bao , Erfan Darzi , Sheng He , Chuan-Heng Hsiao , Mohammad Arafat Hussain , Jingpeng Li , Atle Bjornerud , Ellen Grant , Yangming Ou
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