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In recent years, self-supervised learning has amassed significant interest for training deep neural representations without labeled data. One such self-supervised learning approach is masked spectrogram modeling, where the objective is to…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Sarthak Yadav , Sergios Theodoridis , Zheng-Hua Tan

While attention-based architectures, such as Conformers, excel in speech enhancement, they face challenges such as scalability with respect to input sequence length. In contrast, the recently proposed Extended Long Short-Term Memory (xLSTM)…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Nikolai Lund Kühne , Jan Østergaard , Jesper Jensen , Zheng-Hua Tan

Recently, neural networks based purely on self-attention, such as the Vision Transformer (ViT), have been shown to outperform deep learning models constructed with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on various vision tasks, thus extending…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Yuan Gong , Cheng-I Jeff Lai , Yu-An Chung , James Glass

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has driven impressive advances in speech processing by adopting time-domain prediction objectives, while audio representation learning frameworks operate on time-frequency spectrograms. Models optimized for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Ameenudeen P E , Charumathi Narayanan , Sriram Ganapathy

Recent advancements in autoregressive networks with linear complexity have driven significant research progress, demonstrating exceptional performance in large language models. A representative model is the Extended Long Short-Term Memory…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Qinfeng Zhu , Yuanzhi Cai , Lei Fan

Transformer-based models attain excellent results and generalize well when trained on sufficient amounts of data. However, constrained by the limited data available in the audio domain, most transformer-based models for audio tasks are…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Dading Chong , Helin Wang , Peilin Zhou , Qingcheng Zeng

Long short-term memory (LSTM) based acoustic modeling methods have recently been shown to give state-of-the-art performance on some speech recognition tasks. To achieve a further performance improvement, in this research, deep extensions on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-05-12 Xiangang Li , Xihong Wu

Deep neural networks have become an indispensable technique for audio source separation (ASS). It was recently reported that a variant of CNN architecture called MMDenseNet was successfully employed to solve the ASS problem of estimating…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-05-30 Naoya Takahashi , Nabarun Goswami , Yuki Mitsufuji

In the 1990s, the constant error carousel and gating were introduced as the central ideas of the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). Since then, LSTMs have stood the test of time and contributed to numerous deep learning success stories, in…

Transformer-based audio self-supervised learning (SSL) models commonly use spectrograms, vision-style Transformers, and masked modeling objectives. However, convolutional patchification with temporal downsampling lowers the effective…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Kohei Yamamoto , Kosuke Okusa

Transformer-based acoustic modeling has achieved great suc-cess for both hybrid and sequence-to-sequence speech recogni-tion. However, it requires access to the full sequence, and thecomputational cost grows quadratically with respect to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-19 Chunyang Wu , Yongqiang Wang , Yangyang Shi , Ching-Feng Yeh , Frank Zhang

In this paper, we propose a weakly supervised multilingual representation learning framework, called cross-lingual self-training (XLST). XLST is able to utilize a small amount of annotated data from high-resource languages to improve the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-16 Zi-Qiang Zhang , Yan Song , Ming-Hui Wu , Xin Fang , Li-Rong Dai

Attention-based sequence-to-sequence models have shown promising results in automatic speech recognition. Using these architectures, one-dimensional input and output sequences are related by an attention approach, thereby replacing more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Parnia Bahar , Albert Zeyer , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) layer is an important advancement in the field of neural networks and machine learning, allowing for effective training and impressive inference performance. LSTM-based neural networks have been…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-04 Daniel Kent , Fathi M. Salem

Despite the growing success of Large Speech Language Models (LSLMs) in processing short-term acoustic signals, their extension to long-form audio understanding is severely bottlenecked. This limitation stems from the limited context length…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Haoqin Sun , Chenyang Lyu , Shiwan Zhao , Xuanfan Ni , Xiangyu Kong , Longyue Wang , Weihua Luo , Yong Qin

The audio-visual speech fusion strategy AV Align has shown significant performance improvements in audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) on the challenging LRS2 dataset. Performance improvements range between 7% and 30% depending on the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-20 George Sterpu , Christian Saam , Naomi Harte

Language models for biological and chemical sequences enable crucial applications such as drug discovery, protein engineering, and precision medicine. Currently, these language models are predominantly based on Transformer architectures.…

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is the primary recurrent neural networks architecture for acoustic modeling in automatic speech recognition systems. Residual learning is an efficient method to help neural networks converge easier and faster.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Lu Huang , Jiasong Sun , Ji Xu , Yi Yang

Auto-regressive speech-text models pre-trained on interleaved text tokens and discretized speech tokens demonstrate strong speech understanding and generation, yet remain substantially less compute-efficient than text LLMs, partly due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Yen-Ju Lu , Yashesh Gaur , Wei Zhou , Benjamin Muller , Jesus Villalba , Najim Dehak , Luke Zettlemoyer , Gargi Ghosh , Mike Lewis , Srinivasan Iyer , Duc Le

Far-field speech recognition in noisy and reverberant conditions remains a challenging problem despite recent deep learning breakthroughs. This problem is commonly addressed by acquiring a speech signal from multiple microphones and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-10-17 Zhong Meng , Shinji Watanabe , John R. Hershey , Hakan Erdogan
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