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Speech enhancement has recently achieved great success with various deep learning methods. However, most conventional speech enhancement systems are trained with supervised methods that impose two significant challenges. First, a majority…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-22 Viet Anh Trinh , Sebastian Braun

We use multilayer Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks to learn representations of video sequences. Our model uses an encoder LSTM to map an input sequence into a fixed length representation. This representation is decoded using single or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-05 Nitish Srivastava , Elman Mansimov , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Speech intelligibility can be degraded due to multiple factors, such as noisy environments, technical difficulties or biological conditions. This work is focused on the development of an automatic non-intrusive system for predicting the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-07 Miguel Fernández-Díaz , Ascensión Gallardo-Antolín

Inspired by the humans' cognitive ability to generalise knowledge and skills, Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) targets at discovering general representations from large-scale data without requiring human annotations, which is an expensive and…

We propose a method using a long short-term memory (LSTM) network to estimate the noise power spectral density (PSD) of single-channel audio signals represented in the short time Fourier transform (STFT) domain. An LSTM network common to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-11 Xiaofei Li , Simon Leglaive , Laurent Girin , Radu Horaud

Unsupervised representation learning for speech audios attained impressive performances for speech recognition tasks, particularly when annotated speech is limited. However, the unsupervised paradigm needs to be carefully designed and…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Chendong Zhao , Jianzong Wang , Xiaoyang Qu , Haoqian Wang , Jing Xiao

Recent general-purpose audio representations show state-of-the-art performance on various audio tasks. These representations are pre-trained by self-supervised learning methods that create training signals from the input. For example,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-09 Daisuke Niizumi , Daiki Takeuchi , Yasunori Ohishi , Noboru Harada , Kunio Kashino

The careful construction of audio representations has become a dominant feature in the design of approaches to many speech tasks. Increasingly, such approaches have emphasized "disentanglement", where a representation contains only parts of…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) learns knowledge from a large amount of unlabeled data, and then transfers the knowledge to a specific problem with a limited number of labeled data. SSL has achieved promising results in various domains. This…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-08 Xian Li , Xiaofei Li

The great success of transformer-based models in natural language processing (NLP) has led to various attempts at adapting these architectures to other domains such as vision and audio. Recent work has shown that transformers can outperform…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Khaled Koutini , Jan Schlüter , Hamid Eghbal-zadeh , Gerhard Widmer

Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) models have achieved remarkable performance on various natural language processing tasks, and have shown great potential as backbones for audio-and-text large language models (LLMs). Previous…

State-of-the-art neural network language models (NNLMs) represented by long short term memory recurrent neural networks (LSTM-RNNs) and Transformers are becoming highly complex. They are prone to overfitting and poor generalization when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Boyang Xue , Shoukang Hu , Junhao Xu , Mengzhe Geng , Xunying Liu , Helen Meng

The Extended Long Short-Term Memory (xLSTM) network has demonstrated strong capability in modeling complex long-term dependencies in time series data. Despite its success, the deterministic architecture of xLSTM limits its representational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Zihao Wang , Yunjie Li , Lingmin Zan , Zheng Gong , Mengtao Zhu

Prior works have investigated the use of articulatory features as complementary representations for automatic speech recognition (ASR), but their use was largely confined to shallow acoustic models. In this work, we revisit articulatory…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-13 Ahmed Adel Attia , Jing Liu , Carol Espy Wilson

We explore self-supervised models that can be potentially deployed on mobile devices to learn general purpose audio representations. Specifically, we propose methods that exploit the temporal context in the spectrogram domain. One method…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-29 Marco Tagliasacchi , Beat Gfeller , Félix de Chaumont Quitry , Dominik Roblek

Acoustic models in real-time speech recognition systems typically stack multiple unidirectional LSTM layers to process the acoustic frames over time. Performance improvements over vanilla LSTM architectures have been reported by prepending…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-02 Maarten Van Segbroeck , Harish Mallidih , Brian King , I-Fan Chen , Gurpreet Chadha , Roland Maas

LLM-based automatic speech recognition models demonstrate strong performance by connecting audio encoders and LLMs. However, data scarcity of paired speech and transcription often hinders their adaptation to new domains, making text-only…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ryo Magoshi , Takashi Maekaku , Yusuke Shinohara

Recently, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) as powerful sequence models have re-emerged as a potential acoustic model for statistical parametric speech synthesis (SPSS). The long short-term memory (LSTM) architecture is particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-01-12 Zhizheng Wu , Simon King

The recently proposed xLSTM is a powerful model that leverages expressive multiplicative gating and residual connections, providing the temporal capacity needed for long-horizon forecasting and representation learning. This architecture has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Kamil Faber , Marcin Pietroń , Dominik Żurek , Roberto Corizzo

Self-supervised learning (SSL) achieves great success in speech recognition, while limited exploration has been attempted for other speech processing tasks. As speech signal contains multi-faceted information including speaker identity,…