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An important task for the design of Question Answering systems is the selection of the sentence containing (or constituting) the answer from documents relevant to the asked question. Most previous work has only used the target sentence to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Ivano Lauriola , Alessandro Moschitti

This paper explores learned-context neural networks. It is a multi-task learning architecture based on a fully shared neural network and an augmented input vector containing trainable task parameters. The architecture is interesting due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Anders T. Sandnes , Bjarne Grimstad , Odd Kolbjørnsen

In recent developments in the field of Computer Vision, a rise is seen in the use of transformer-based architectures. They are surpassing the state-of-the-art set by CNN architectures in accuracy but on the other hand, they are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Durvesh Malpure , Onkar Litake , Rajesh Ingle

Transformers have shown a remarkable ability for in-context learning (ICL), making predictions based on contextual examples. However, while theoretical analyses have explored this prediction capability, the nature of the inferred context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Fei Lu , Yue Yu

The transformer is a neural network component that can be used to learn useful representations of sequences or sets of data-points. The transformer has driven recent advances in natural language processing, computer vision, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Richard E. Turner

Text classification is a fundamental task in natural language processing (NLP). Several recent studies show the success of deep learning on text processing. Convolutional neural network (CNN), as a popular deep learning model, has shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Ali Jarrahi , Ramin Mousa , Leila Safari

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have proven to be highly effective in solving a broad spectrum of computer vision tasks, such as classification, identification, and segmentation. These methods can be deployed in both centralized and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Victor Forattini Jansen , Emanuel Teixeira Martins , Yasmin Souza Lima , Flavio de Oliveira Silva , Rodrigo Moreira , Larissa Ferreira Rodrigues Moreira

With the continue development of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), there is a growing concern regarding representations that they encode internally. Analyzing these internal representations is referred to as model interpretation. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Hamed Behzadi-Khormouji , José Oramas

Transformer is a potentially powerful architecture for vision tasks. Although equipped with more parameters and attention mechanism, its performance is not as dominant as CNN currently. CNN is usually computationally cheaper and still the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Bei Tong , Xiaoyuan Yu

Vision Transformers have achieved great success in computer visions, delivering exceptional performance across various tasks. However, their inherent reliance on sequential input enforces the manual partitioning of images into patch…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Changzhen Li , Jie Zhang , Yang Wei , Zhilong Ji , Jinfeng Bai , Shiguang Shan

Unsupervised image retrieval aims to learn the important visual characteristics without any given level to retrieve the similar images for a given query image. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based approaches have been extensively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Ayush Dubey , Shiv Ram Dubey , Satish Kumar Singh , Wei-Ta Chu

Transformers are a neural network architecture originally developed for natural language processing, which have since become a foundational tool for solving a wide range of problems, including text, audio, image processing, reinforcement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Jordi de la Torre

Long-range dependencies modeling, widely used in capturing spatiotemporal correlation, has shown to be effective in CNN dominated computer vision tasks. Yet neither stacks of convolutional operations to enlarge receptive fields nor recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Xiangyu He , Ke Cheng , Qiang Chen , Qinghao Hu , Peisong Wang , Jian Cheng

In an era of widespread influence of Natural Language Processing (NLP), there have been multiple research efforts to supplant traditional manual coding techniques with automated systems capable of generating solutions autonomously. With…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Namrata Das , Rakshya Panta , Neelam Karki , Ruchi Manandhar , Dinesh Baniya Kshatri

Offline meta-reinforcement learning seeks to learn policies that generalize across related tasks from fixed datasets. Context-based methods infer a task representation from transition histories, but learning effective task representations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Mohammadreza Nakheai , Aidan Scannell , Kevin Luck , Joni Pajarinen

Phoneme recognition is a very important part of speech recognition that requires the ability to extract phonetic features from multiple frames. In this paper, we compare and analyze CNN, RNN, Transformer, and Conformer models using phoneme…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-04 Kyuhong Shim , Wonyong Sung

The advancements in deep learning, particularly the introduction of transformers, have been pivotal in enhancing various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. These include text-to-text applications such as machine translation, text…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Gospel Ozioma Nnadi , Flavio Bertini

We establish connections between the Transformer architecture, originally introduced for natural language processing, and Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for representation learning on graphs. We show how Transformers can be viewed as message…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Chaitanya K. Joshi

Image captioning involves generating textual descriptions from input images, bridging the gap between computer vision and natural language processing. Recent advancements in transformer-based models have significantly improved caption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Israa A. Albadarneh , Bassam H. Hammo , Omar S. Al-Kadi

Histopathology has played an essential role in cancer diagnosis. With the rapid advances in convolutional neural networks (CNN). Various CNN-based automated pathological image segmentation approaches have been developed in computer-assisted…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-23 Cam Nguyen , Zuhayr Asad , Yuankai Huo