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We provide and experimentally demonstrate an accreditation protocol that upper-bounds the variation distance between noisy and noiseless probability distributions of the outputs of arbitrary quantum computations. We accredit the outputs of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Samuele Ferracin , Seth T. Merkel , David McKay , Animesh Datta

Stabilizer circuits play an important role in quantum error correction protocols, and will be vital for ensuring fault tolerance in future quantum hardware. While stabilizer circuits are defined on the Clifford generating set, {H, S, CX},…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-01 Brendan Reid

The problem of simulatability of quantum processes using classical resources plays a cornerstone role for quantum computing. Quantum circuits can be simulated classically, e.g., using Monte Carlo sampling techniques applied to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-09 Denis A. Kulikov , Vsevolod I. Yashin , Aleksey K. Fedorov , Evgeniy O. Kiktenko

We conducted quantum simulations of strongly correlated systems using the quantum flow (QFlow) approach, which enables sampling large sub-spaces of the Hilbert space through coupled eigenvalue problems in reduced dimensionality active…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-09 Karol Kowalski , Nicholas P. Bauman

We give a novel procedure for approximating general single-qubit unitaries from a finite universal gate set by reducing the problem to a novel magnitude approximation problem, achieving an immediate improvement in sequence length by a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-20 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Kristin Lauter , Romy Minko , Adam Paetznick , Christophe Petit

We construct a polynomial-time classical algorithm that samples from the output distribution of noisy geometrically local Clifford circuits with any product-state input and single-qubit measurements in any basis. Our results apply to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Jon Nelson , Joel Rajakumar , Dominik Hangleiter , Michael J. Gullans

Quantum circuit depth minimization is critical for practical applications of circuit-based quantum computation. In this work, we present a systematic procedure to decompose multiqubit controlled unitary gates, which is essential in many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-06 Adenilton J. da Silva , Daniel K. Park

Predicting properties of large-scale quantum systems is crucial for the development of quantum science and technology. Shadow estimation is an efficient method for this task based on randomized measurements, where many-qubit random Clifford…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-24 Qingyue Zhang , Qing Liu , You Zhou

Quantum simulation of fermionic Hamiltonians is a leading application of quantum computing, but accurate execution on present-day hardware is limited by error accumulation in deep Trotter circuits. We present a device-matched…

The Toffoli gate is an important universal quantum gate, and will alongside the Clifford gates be available in future fault-tolerant quantum computing hardware. Many quantum algorithms rely on performing arbitrarily small single-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Christoffer Hindlycke , Jakov Krnic , Jan-Åke Larsson

Quantum circuit transformation (QCT, a.k.a. qubit mapping) is a critical step in quantum circuit compilation. Typically, QCT is achieved by finding an appropriate initial mapping and using SWAP gates to route the qubits such that all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-03 Sanjiang Li , Ky Dan Nguyen , Zachary Clare , Yuan Feng

Classical machine learning often struggles with complex, high-dimensional data. Quantum machine learning offers a potential solution, promising more efficient processing. The quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN), a hybrid algorithm,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Hinako Asaoka , Kazue Kudo

Quantum computing is in an era of limited resources. Current hardware lacks high fidelity gates, long coherence times, and the number of computational units required to perform meaningful computation. Contemporary quantum devices typically…

Optimising quantum circuits to minimise resource usage is crucial, especially with near-term hardware limited by quantum volume. This paper introduces an optimisation algorithm aiming to minimise non-Clifford gate count and two-qubit gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-29 Calum Holker

We show the applicability of the Cartan decomposition of Lie algebras to quantum circuits. This approach can be used to synthesize circuits that can efficiently implement any desired unitary operation. Our method finds explicit quantum…

While quantum computing holds great potential in combinatorial optimization, electronic structure calculation, and number theory, the current era of quantum computing is limited by noisy hardware. Many quantum compilation approaches can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Max Aksel Bowman , Pranav Gokhale , Jeffrey Larson , Ji Liu , Martin Suchara

We present novel algorithms to estimate outcomes for qubit quantum circuits. Notably, these methods can simulate a Clifford circuit in linear time without ever writing down stabilizer states explicitly. These algorithms outperform previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-03 Patrick Rall , Daniel Liang , Jeremy Cook , William Kretschmer

Quantum circuit transformation (QCT), necessary for adapting any quantum circuit to the qubit connectivity constraints of the NISQ device, often introduces numerous additional SWAP gates into the original circuit, increasing the circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 Yunqi Huang , Xiangzhen Zhou , Fanxu Meng , Pengcheng Zhu , Yu Luo , Zhenlong Du

In order to evaluate, validate, and refine the design of new quantum algorithms or quantum computers, researchers and developers need methods to assess their correctness and fidelity. This requires the capabilities of quantum circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-16 Xin-Chuan Wu , Sheng Di , Franck Cappello , Hal Finkel , Yuri Alexeev , Frederic T. Chong

Quantum circuits for basic mathematical functions such as the square root are required to implement scientific computing algorithms on quantum computers. Quantum circuits that are based on Clifford+T gates can easily be made fault tolerant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-31 Edgard Muñoz-Coreas , Himanshu Thapliyal