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We extend the definition of generalized parity $P$, charge-conjugation $C$ and time-reversal $T$ operators to nondiagonalizable pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians, and we use these generalized operators to describe the full set of symmetries of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. Blasi , G. Scolarici , L. Solombrino

Parity-time-reversal symmetry ($\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry), a symmetry for the combined operations of space inversion ($\mathcal{P}$) and time reversal ($\mathcal{T}$), is a fundamental concept of physics and characterizes the functionality of…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-06-21 Hikaru Watanabe , Youichi Yanase

The Haldane phase represents one of the most important symmetry protected states in modern physics. This state can be realized using spin-1 and spin-${1\over 2}$ Heisenberg models and bosonic particles. Here we explore the emergent Haldane…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-10-09 Shun-Yao Zhang , Hong-Ze Xu , Yue-Xin Huang , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Wei Zhou , Ming Gong

We define and compute many-body topological invariants of interacting fermionic symmetry-protected topological phases, protected by an orientation-reversing symmetry, such as time-reversal or reflection symmetry. The topological invariants…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-05-31 Hassan Shapourian , Ken Shiozaki , Shinsei Ryu

These lecture notes explain the classification of some simple fermionic topological phases of matter in a pedestrian manner, with an aim to be maximally pedagogical = doing things in excruciating detail. We focus on a many-body perspective,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-07 Frank Schindler

The Z_k parafermionic conformal field theories, despite the relative complexity of their modes algebra, offer the simplest context for the study of the bases of states and their different combinatorial representations. Three bases are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Pierre Mathieu

The relevance of parity and time reversal (PT)-symmetric structures in optical systems is known for sometime with the correspondence existing between the Schrodinger equation and the paraxial equation of diffraction where the time parameter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-21 Bijan Bagchi , Subhrajit Modak , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

We study spectral and transport properties of one-dimensional tight-binding $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric chains with alternating couplings. Based on the transfer matrix method, we have analytically developed the expressions for the transmission…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-04-02 Moreno-Rodríguez L. A. , Izrailev F. M. , Méndez-Bermúdez J. A

Quantum anomalies, breakdown of classical symmetries by quantum effects, provide a sharp definition of symmetry protected topological phases. In particular, they can diagnose interaction effects on the non-interacting classification of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-02-25 Chang-Tse Hsieh , Gil Young Cho , Shinsei Ryu

A parafermionic conformal theory with the symmetry Z_5 is constructed, based on the second solution of Fateev-Zamolodchikov for the corresponding parafermionic chiral algebra. The primary operators of the theory, which are the singlet,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-05 Vladimir Dotsenko , Jesper Lykke Jacobsen , Raoul Santachiara

In open double-well Bose-Einstein condensate systems which balance in- and outfluxes of atoms and which are effectively described by a non-hermitian PT-symmetric Hamiltonian PT-symmetric states have been shown to exist. PT-symmetric states…

Photonic platforms invariant under parity ($\mathcal{P}$), time-reversal ($\mathcal{T}$), and duality ($\mathcal{D}$) can support topological phases analogous to those found in time-reversal invariant ${\mathbb{Z}_2}$ electronic systems…

Certain spin chains, such as the quantum Ising chain, have free fermion spectra which can be expressed as the sum of decoupled two-level fermionic systems. Free parafermions are a simple generalisation of this idea to $Z(N)$-symmetric clock…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-07-21 Robert A. Henry , Murray T. Batchelor

Symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases in insulators and superconductors are known for their robust edge modes, linked to bulk invariants through the bulk-boundary correspondence. While this principle traditionally applies to gapped…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-11-06 Gabriel Cardoso , Hsiu-Chung Yeh , Leonid Korneev , Alexander G. Abanov , Aditi Mitra

It is commonly believed that models defined on a closed one-dimensional manifold cannot give rise to topological order. Here we construct frustration-free Hamiltonians which possess both symmetry protected topological order (SPT) on the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-04-15 Pramod Padmanabhan , Jintae Kim , Jung Hoon Han

A graded generalization of the Z_k parafermionic current osp(1|2)/U(1) coset conformal field theory. The structure of the parafermionic highest-weight modules is analyzed and the dimensions of the fields of the theory are determined. A free…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 J. M. Camino , A. V. Ramallo , J. M. Sanchez de Santos

We study symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phase transitions induced by stacking two gapped one-dimensional subsystems in BDI symmetry class. The topological invariant of the entire system is a sum of three topological invariants: two…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-06-09 Sang-Jun Choi , Björn Trauzettel

Symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases exhibit nontrivial order if symmetry is respected but are adiabatically connected to the trivial product phase if symmetry is not respected. However, unlike the symmetry-breaking phase, there is…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-05-04 Ching-Yu Huang , Tzu-Chieh Wei

We model $p$-state Fock parafermions on a lattice in one dimension (with occupation per orbital of $0,1 , \ldots ,p-1$). For $p$ a composite number, they may be mapped to $q_m$-state parafermions where $q_m$ are the prime factors of $p$.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-04 Edward McCann

An invariant of SPT-phases with on-site finite group $G$ symmetry for two-dimensional Fermion systems was derived in [O]. This invariant is doubled compared to the conjectured one from the invertible quantum field theory. We show that if we…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-12-21 Yoshiko Ogata