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Our objective is to translate continuous sign language into spoken language text. Inspired by the way human interpreters rely on context for accurate translation, we incorporate additional contextual cues together with the signing video,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Youngjoon Jang , Haran Raajesh , Liliane Momeni , Gül Varol , Andrew Zisserman

Sign language translation (SLT) converts continuous sign videos into spoken-language text, yet it remains challenging due to the intrinsic modality mismatch between visual signs and written text, particularly in gloss-free settings. Recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Changhao Lai , Rui Zhao , Xuewen Zhong , Jinsong Su , Yidong Chen

Sign language translation (SLT) is often decomposed into video-to-gloss recognition and gloss-to-text translation, where a gloss is a sequence of transcribed spoken-language words in the order in which they are signed. We focus here on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Amit Moryossef , Kayo Yin , Graham Neubig , Yoav Goldberg

Sign language translation (SLT) is typically trained with text in a single spoken language, which limits scalability and cross-language generalization. Earlier approaches have replaced gloss supervision with text-based sentence embeddings,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Yasser Hamidullah , Shakib Yazdani , Cennet Oguz , Josef van Genabith , Cristina España-Bonet

This work addresses the challenges associated with the use of glosses in both Sign Language Translation (SLT) and Sign Language Production (SLP). While glosses have long been used as a bridge between sign language and spoken language, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Eui Jun Hwang , Sukmin Cho , Huije Lee , Youngwoo Yoon , Jong C. Park

Sign language serves as the primary meaning of communication for the deaf-mute community. Different from spoken language, it commonly conveys information by the collaboration of manual features, i.e., hand gestures and body movements, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Wengang Zhou , Weichao Zhao , Hezhen Hu , Zecheng Li , Houqiang Li

The complexity of Sign Language (SL) data processing brings many challenges. The current approach to recognition of SL signs aims to translate RGB sign language videos through pose information into Word-based ID Glosses, which serve to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Sen Fang , Yalin Feng , Chunyu Sui , Hongbin Zhong , Yanxin Zhang , Hongwei Yi , Hezhen Hu , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Sign Language Production (SLP) is the tough task of turning sign language into sign videos. The main goal of SLP is to create these videos using a sign gloss. In this research, we've developed a new method to make high-quality sign videos…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Pan Xie , Taiyi Peng , Yao Du , Qipeng Zhang

Machine Translation has played a critical role in reducing language barriers, but its adaptation for Sign Language Machine Translation (SLMT) has been less explored. Existing works on SLMT mostly use the Transformer neural network which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Nada Shahin , Leila Ismail

Previous Sign Language Translation (SLT) methods achieve superior performance by relying on gloss annotations. However, labeling high-quality glosses is a labor-intensive task, which limits the further development of SLT. Although some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Zhigang Chen , Benjia Zhou , Jun Li , Jun Wan , Zhen Lei , Ning Jiang , Quan Lu , Guoqing Zhao

Sign language recognition and translation first uses a recognition module to generate glosses from sign language videos and then employs a translation module to translate glosses into spoken sentences. Most existing works focus on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Yong Cao , Wei Li , Xianzhi Li , Min Chen , Guangyong Chen , Long Hu , Zhengdao Li , Hwang Kai

Current sign language translation (SLT) approaches often rely on gloss-based supervision with Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC), limiting their ability to handle non-monotonic alignments between sign language video and spoken…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Sihan Tan , Taro Miyazaki , Nabeela Khan , Kazuhiro Nakadai

Given the great success of large language models (LLMs) across various tasks, in this paper, we introduce LLM-ST, a novel and effective speech translation model constructed upon a pre-trained LLM. By integrating the large language model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Zhichao Huang , Rong Ye , Tom Ko , Qianqian Dong , Shanbo Cheng , Mingxuan Wang , Hang Li

Sign language translation (SLT) aims to convert continuous sign language videos into textual sentences. As a typical multi-modal task, there exists an inherent modality gap between sign language videos and spoken language text, which makes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Rui Zhao , Liang Zhang , Biao Fu , Cong Hu , Jinsong Su , Yidong Chen

Sign language translation as a kind of technology with profound social significance has attracted growing researchers' interest in recent years. However, the existing sign language translation methods need to read all the videos before…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Aoxiong Yin , Zhou Zhao , Jinglin Liu , Weike Jin , Meng Zhang , Xingshan Zeng , Xiaofei He

We present Large Sign Language Models (LSLM), a novel framework for translating 3D American Sign Language (ASL) by leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) as the backbone, which can benefit hearing-impaired individuals' virtual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Sen Zhang , Xiaoxiao He , Di Liu , Zhaoyang Xia , Mingyu Zhao , Chaowei Tan , Vivian Li , Bo Liu , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Mubbasir Kapadia

End-to-end sign language translation (SLT) aims to convert sign language videos into spoken language texts directly without intermediate representations. It has been a challenging task due to the modality gap between sign videos and texts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Jinhui Ye , Wenxiang Jiao , Xing Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Hui Xiong

Neural Sign Language Production (SLP) aims to automatically translate from spoken language sentences to sign language videos. Historically the SLP task has been broken into two steps; Firstly, translating from a spoken language sentence to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Harry Walsh , Ben Saunders , Richard Bowden

Despite existing pioneering works on sign language translation (SLT), there is a non-trivial obstacle, i.e., the limited quantity of parallel sign-text data. To tackle this parallel data bottleneck, we propose a sign back-translation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Hao Zhou , Wengang Zhou , Weizhen Qi , Junfu Pu , Houqiang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased impressive capabilities in text comprehension and generation, prompting research efforts towards video LLMs to facilitate human-AI interaction at the video level. However, how to effectively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Ruyang Liu , Chen Li , Haoran Tang , Yixiao Ge , Ying Shan , Ge Li