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Providing seamless connectivity to unmanned aerial vehicle user equipments (UAV-UEs) is very challenging due to the encountered line-of-sight interference and reduced gains of down-tilted base station (BS) antennas. For instance, as the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Ramy Amer , Walid Saad , Boris Galkin , Nicola Marchetti

Ensuring reliable and seamless wireless connectivity for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has emerged as a critical requirement for a wide range of applications. The increasing deployment of UAVs has increased the significance of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-04 Sung Joon Maeng , Hyeokjun Kwon , Ozgur Ozdemir , İsmail Güvenç

Providing reliable cellular connectivity to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) is a key challenge, as existing terrestrial networks are deployed mainly for ground-level coverage. The cellular network coverage may be available for a limited…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-26 Gautham Reddy , Ismail Guvenc , Mihail L. Sichitiu , Arupjyoti Bhuyan , Bryton Petersen , Jason Abrahamson

Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) have been standardized by the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) as a key component of future 6G systems to enhance coverage and resilience. In particular, NTN technologies such as low-earth orbit (LEO)…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Donglin Wang , Anjie Qiu , Qiuheng Zhou , Hans D. Schotten

We introduce Universal Beta Splatting (UBS), a unified framework that generalizes 3D Gaussian Splatting to N-dimensional anisotropic Beta kernels for explicit radiance field rendering. Unlike fixed Gaussian primitives, Beta kernels enable…

This paper investigates the localization, synchronization, and speed estimation of a mobile user equipment (UE) leveraging integrated terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), in particular low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. We focus…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Yasaman Ettefagh , Sharief Saleh , Musa Furkan Keskin , Hui Chen , Gonzalo Seco-Granados , Henk Wymeersch

This paper considers an emerging cellular-connected unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) architecture for surveillance or monitoring applications. We consider a scenario where a cellular-connected aerial user equipment (AUE) periodically transmits…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Nilupuli Senadhira , Salman Durrani , Xiangyun Zhou , Nan Yang , Ming Ding

Service providers are considering the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to enhance wireless connectivity of cellular networks. To provide connectivity, UAVs have to be backhauled through terrestrial base stations (BSs) to the core…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Nour Kouzayha , Hesham ElSawy , Hayssam Dahrouj , Khlod Alshaikh , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

From 5G onwards, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) have emerged as a key component of future network architectures. Leveraging Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations, NTNs are capable of building a space Internet and present a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Feng Wang , Shengyu Zhang , Huiting Yang , Tony Q. S. Quek

In this paper, we present a new approach to bridge the domain gap between synthetic and real-world data for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based perception. Our formulation is designed for dynamic scenes, consisting of small moving objects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Christopher Maxey , Jaehoon Choi , Yonghan Lee , Hyungtae Lee , Dinesh Manocha , Heesung Kwon

The transition to 6G has driven significant updates to the 3GPP channel model, particularly in modeling UE antennas and user-induced blockage for handheld devices. The 3GPP Rel.19 revision of TR 38.901 introduces a more realistic framework…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-16 Simon Svendsen , Dimitri Gold , Christian Rom , Volker Pauli , Vuokko Nurmela

Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) are considered a promising technology for seamless, universal communication in the 6G era. However, signals from NTN elements to ground users are often blocked by high-rise buildings in dense urban…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Junse Lee , François Baccelli

This work proposes an empirical air to ground (A2G) propagation model specifically designed for cellular connected unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). An in depth aerial drive test was carried out within an operating Long Term Evolution (LTE)…

Next-generation wireless networks require massive connectivity and ubiquitous coverage, for which non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) are a promising enabler. However, NTNs, especially non-geostationary satellites bring about challenges such as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-14 Yusuf Islam Demir , Muhammad Sohaib J. Solaija , Huseyin Arslan

With growing interest in integrating terrestrial networks (TNs) and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) to connect the unconnected, a key question is whether this new paradigm could also be opportunistically exploited to augment service in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Mohamed Benzaghta , Giovanni Geraci , Rasoul Nikbakht , David Lopez-Perez

In future 6G communication systems, large-scale antenna arrays promise enhanced signal strength and spatial resolution, but they also increase the complexity of beam training. Moreover, as antenna counts grow and carrier wavelengths shrink,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Ran Li , Ziyi Xu , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang

The advent of 5G positioning techniques by 3GPP has unlocked possibilities for applications in public safety, vehicular systems, and location-based services. However, these applications demand accurate and reliable positioning performance,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-25 Sarik Dhungel , Gaurav Duggal , Dara Ron , Nishith Tripathi , R. Michael Buehrer , Jeffrey H. Reed , Vijay K Shah

Wireless access points on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are being considered for mobile service provisioning in commercial networks. To be able to efficiently use these devices in cellular networks it is necessary to first have a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-10-13 Boris Galkin , Jacek Kibiłda , Luiz A. DaSilva

Non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication has garnered considerable attention from government entities, industries, and academia in recent times. NTN networks encompass a variety of systems, including Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Mahfuzur Rahman , Zoheb Hassan , Jeffrey H. Reed , Lingjia Liu

Providing seamless coverage under current cellular network technologies is surmountable only through gross overengineering. Alternatively, as an economically effective solution, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), augmented with the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-25 M. G. Khoshkholgh , Keivan Navaie , Halim Yanikomerogluy , V. C. M. Leung , Kang. G. Shin