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We prove that if two graphs of girth at least 6 have isomorphic squares, then the graphs themselves are isomorphic. This is the best possible extension of the results of Ross and Harary on trees and the results of Farzad et al. on graphs of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-12-14 Anna Adamaszek , Michal Adamaszek

Extending a classic result of Johnson and Newman, this paper provides a matrix characterization for two generalized cospectral graphs with a pair of generalized cospectral vertex-deleted subgraphs. As an application, we present a new…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-06 Wei Wang , Wenqiang Wen , Songlin Guo

In this short note, we introduce cospectral graphons, paralleling the notion of cospectral graphs. As in the graph case, we give three equivalent definitions: by equality of spectra, by equality of cycle densities, and by a unitary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-21 Jan Hladký , Daniel Iľkovič , Jared León , Xichao Shu

We investigate spectral properties of quantum graphs in the form of a periodic chain of rings with a connecting link between each adjacent pair, assuming that wave functions at the vertices are matched through conditions manifestly…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-07-12 Marzieh Baradaran , Pavel Exner , Milos Tater

In [Discrete Mathematics 306 (2005) 153-158], So proposed a conjecture saying that integral circulant graphs with different connection sets have different spectra. This conjecture is still open. We prove that this conjecture holds for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-07 Hao Li , Xiaogang Liu

Two graphs are said to be $Q$-cospectral if they share the same signless Laplacian spectrum. A simple graph is said to be determined by its signless Laplacian spectrum (abbreviated as DQS) if there exists no other non-isomorphic simple…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Jiachang Ye , Jianguo Qian , Zoran Stanic

We give a sharp spectral condition for the existence of odd cycles in a graph of given order. We also prove a related stability result.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-11-22 Vladimir Nikiforov

In the branch of mathematics known as graph theory, graphs are considered as a set of points, called vertices, with connections between these points, called edges. The purpose of this paper is to study mappings between two graphs that have…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-19 Jeffrey Beyerl , Cameron Sharpe

We consider symmetric powers of a graph. In particular, we show that the spectra of the symmetric square of strongly regular graphs with the same parameters are equal. We also provide some bounds on the spectra of the symmetric squares of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Koenraad Audenaert , Chris Godsil , Gordon Royle , Terry Rudolph

We prove new properties of the non-backtracking graph and the non-backtracking Laplacian for graphs. In particular, among other results, we prove that two simple graphs are isomorphic if and only if their corresponding non-backtracking…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-30 Raffaella Mulas , Dong Zhang , Giulio Zucal

A block graph is a graph in which every block is a complete graph. Let $G$ be a block graph and let $A(G)$ be its (0,1)-adjacency matrix. Graph $G$ is called nonsingular (singular) if $A(G)$ is nonsingular (singular). An interesting open…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Ranveer Singh , Cheng Zheng , Naomi Shaked-Monderer , Abraham Berman

We discuss the question whether the existence of perfect matchings in a cubic graph can be seen from the spectrum of its adjacency matrix. For regular graphs in general and for three edge-disjoint perfect matchings in a cubic graph (that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-08 Willem H. Haemers

A graph $G$ is called well-covered if all maximal independent sets of vertices have the same cardinality. A simplicial complex $\Delta$ is called pure if all of its facets have the same cardinality. Let $\mathcal G$ be the class of graphs…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2012-07-11 Rashid Zaare-Nahandi

Coalescing involves gluing one or more rooted graphs onto another graph. Under specific conditions, it is possible to start with cospectral graphs that are coalesced in similar ways that will result in new cospectral graphs. We present a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-03 Sajid Bin Mahamud , Steve Butler , Hannah Graff , Nick Layman , Taylor Luck , Jiah Jin , Noah Owen , Angela Yuan

Two simple undirected graphs are cospectral if their respective adjacency matrices have the same multiset of eigenvalues. Cospectrality yields an equivalence relation on the family of graphs which is provably weaker than isomorphism. In…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Gaurav Rattan , Tim Seppelt

Let $S$ be a subring of a finite ring $R$ and $C_R(S) = \{r \in R : rs = sr \;\forall\; s \in S\}$. The relative non-commuting graph of the subring $S$ in $R$, denoted by $\Gamma_{S, R}$, is a simple undirected graph whose vertex set is $R…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-05-08 Jutirekha Dutta , Dhiren Kumar Basnet

The adjacency operator of a graph has a spectrum and a class of scalar-valued spectral measures which have been systematically analyzed; it also has a spectral multiplicity function which has been less studied. The first purpose of this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-06 Pierre de la Harpe

A signed graph is said to be sign-symmetric if it is switching isomorphic to its negation. Bipartite signed graphs are trivially sign-symmetric. We give new constructions of non-bipartite sign-symmetric signed graphs. Sign-symmetric signed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-24 Ebrahim Ghorbani , Willem H. Haemers , Hamid Reza Maimani , Leila Parsaei Majd

A mixed graph is obtained by orienting some edges of a simple graph. The positive inertia index of a mixed graph is defined as the number of positive eigenvalues of its Hermitian adjacency matrix, including multiplicities. This matrix was…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-23 Xiaocong He , Lihua Feng

Let $C_{2k_1, 2k_2, \ldots, 2k_t}$ denote the graph obtained by intersecting $t$ distinct even cycles $C_{2k_1}, C_{2k_2}, \ldots, C_{2k_t}$ at a unique vertex. In this paper, we determine the unique graphs with maximum adjacency spectral…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-25 Dheer Noal Desai