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We propose a bio-inspired foveated technique to detect cars in a long range camera view using a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) for the IARA self-driving car. The DCNN receives as input (i) an image, which is captured by a camera…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Pedro Azevedo , Sabrina S. Panceri , Rânik Guidolini , Vinicius B. Cardoso , Claudine Badue , Thiago Oliveira-Santos , Alberto F. De Souza

We propose a novel neural network architecture for detecting intrusions on the CAN bus. The Controller Area Network (CAN) is the standard communication method between the Electronic Control Units (ECUs) of automobiles. However, CAN lacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Markus Hanselmann , Thilo Strauss , Katharina Dormann , Holger Ulmer

Modern vehicles rely on electronic control units (ECUs) interconnected through the Controller Area Network (CAN), making in-vehicle communication a critical security concern. Machine learning (ML)-based intrusion detection systems (IDS) are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Nirab Hossain , Pablo Moriano

Modern automotive functions are controlled by a large number of small computers called electronic control units (ECUs). These functions span from safety-critical autonomous driving to comfort and infotainment. ECUs communicate with one…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Ivo Zenden , Han Wang , Alfonso Iacovazzi , Arash Vahidi , Rolf Blom , Shahid Raza

With the rapid development of intelligent vehicles and Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS), a mixed level of human driver engagements is involved in the transportation system. Visual guidance for drivers is essential under this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Yongkang Liu , Ziran Wang , Kyungtae Han , Zhenyu Shou , Prashant Tiwari , John H. L. Hansen

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)-based civilian or military applications become more critical to serving civilian and/or military missions. The significantly increased attention on UAV applications also has led to security concerns…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Gaurav Choudhary , Vishal Sharma , Ilsun You , Kangbin Yim , Ing-Ray Chen , Jin-Hee Cho

Security measures are essential in the automotive industry to detect intrusions in-vehicle networks. However, developing a one-size-fits-all Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is challenging because each vehicle has unique data profiles. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Md Rezanur Islam , Mahdi Sahlabadi , Keunkyoung Kim , Kangbin Yim

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) plays a crucial role in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), serving as a key factor in enhancing driving safety and traffic efficiency. To address the security challenges of the confidential…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Kaixuan Li , Kan Yu , Xiaowu Liu , Qixun Zhang , Zhiyong Feng , Dong Li

Modern vehicles are increasingly connected, and in this context, automotive Ethernet is one of the technologies that promise to provide the necessary infrastructure for intra-vehicle communication. However, these systems are subject to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Pedro R. X. Carmo , Igor de Moura , Assis T. de Oliveira Filho , Djamel Sadok , Cleber Zanchettin

Idling vehicles waste energy and pollute the environment through exhaust emission. In some countries, idling a vehicle for more than a predefined duration is prohibited and automatic idling vehicle detection is desirable for law…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Muhammet Bastan , Kim-Hui Yap , Lap-Pui Chau

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is transforming transportation by enhancing connectivity and enabling autonomous driving. However, this increased interconnectivity introduces new security vulnerabilities. Bot malware and cyberattacks pose…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Abdelaziz Amara Korba , Nour Elislem Karabadji , Yacine Ghamri-Doudane

Moving towards autonomy, unmanned vehicles rely heavily on state-of-the-art collision avoidance systems (CAS). However, the detection of obstacles especially during night-time is still a challenging task since the lighting conditions are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Jawad N. Yasin , Sherif A. S. Mohamed , Mohammad-hashem Haghbayan , Jukka Heikkonen , Hannu Tenhunen , Muhammad Mehboob Yasin , Juha Plosila

The controller area network (CAN) is the most widely used intra-vehicular communication network in the automotive industry. Because of its simplicity in design, it lacks most of the requirements needed for a security-proven communication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Riadul Islam , Rafi Ud Daula Refat , Sai Manikanta Yerram , Hafiz Malik

End-to-end autonomous driving systems have achieved significant progress, yet their adversarial robustness remains largely underexplored. In this work, we conduct a closed-loop evaluation of state-of-the-art autonomous driving agents under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Ishan Sahu , Somnath Hazra , Somak Aditya , Soumyajit Dey

With the benefits of Internet of Vehicles (IoV) paradigm, come along unprecedented security challenges. Among many applications of inter-connected systems, vehicular networks and smart cars are examples that are already rolled out. Smart…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Faezeh Farivar , Mohammad Sayad Haghighi , Alireza Jolfaei , Sheng Wen

The Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system automatically adjusts the vehicle speed to maintain a safe distance between the vehicle and the lead (ahead) vehicle. The controller's decision to accelerate or decelerate is computed using the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Mubark B. Jedh , Lotfi ben Othmane , Arun K. Somani

With the advent of vehicles equipped with advanced driver-assistance systems, such as adaptive cruise control (ACC) and other automated driving features, the potential for cyberattacks on these automated vehicles (AVs) has emerged. While…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Tianyi Li , Mingfeng Shang , Shian Wang , Raphael Stern

Due to its nature of dynamic, mobility, and wireless data transfer, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is prone to various cyber threats, ranging from spoofing and Distributed Denial of Services (DDoS) attacks to malware. To safeguard the IoV…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Md Ashraf Uddin , Nam H. Chu , Reza Rafeh , Mutaz Barika

Recent years have seen an exponential rise in complex software-driven functionality in vehicles, leading to a rising number of electronic control units (ECUs), network capabilities, and interfaces. These expanded capabilities also bring-in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Shashwat Khandelwal , Shreejith Shanker

Autonomous vehicles increasingly rely on deep learning-based perception and control, which impose substantial computational demands. Cloud-assisted architectures offload these functions to remote servers, enabling enhanced perception and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Maher Al Islam , Amr S. El-Wakeel