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We present a quantum process-tomography protocol based on a low-degree ansatz for the quantum channel, i.e. when it can be expressed as a fixed-degree polynomial in terms of Pauli operators. We demonstrate how to perform tomography of such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Marianna Crupi , J. Ignacio Cirac , Flavio Baccari

Measurement-based uncomputation (MBU) is a technique used to perform probabilistic uncomputation of quantum circuits. We formalize this technique for the case of single-qubit registers, and we show applications to modular arithmetic. First,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 Alessandro Luongo , Antonio Michele Miti , Varun Narasimhachar , Adithya Sireesh

Current benchmarks for mid-circuit measurements (MCMs) are limited in scalability or the types of error they can quantify, necessitating new techniques for quantifying their performance. Here, we introduce a theory for learning Pauli noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-18 Jordan Hines , Timothy Proctor

Quantum computers have enabled solving problems beyond the current computers' capabilities. However, this requires handling noise arising from unwanted interactions in these systems. Several protocols have been proposed to address efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-14 Ali Shaib , Mohamad H. Naim , Mohammed E. Fouda , Rouwaida Kanj , Fadi Kurdahi

Classical shadow tomography is a powerful randomized measurement protocol for predicting many properties of a quantum state with few measurements. Two classical shadow protocols have been extensively studied in the literature: the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-07 Ahmed A. Akhtar , Hong-Ye Hu , Yi-Zhuang You

In the formalism of measurement based quantum computation we start with a given fixed entangled state of many qubits and perform computation by applying a sequence of measurements to designated qubits in designated bases. The choice of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard Jozsa

The Pauli-based Circuit Optimization, Analysis and Synthesis Toolchain (PCOAST) was recently introduced as a framework for optimizing quantum circuits. It converts a quantum circuit to a Pauli-based graph representation and provides a set…

The study of out-of-equilibrium quantum many-body dynamics remains one of the most exciting research frontiers of physics, standing at the crossroads of our understanding of complex quantum phenomena and the realization of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Matteo D'Anna , Yuxuan Zhang , Roeland Wiersema , Manuel S. Rudolph , Juan Carrasquilla

While quantum speed-up in solving certain decision problems by a fault-tolerant universal quantum computer has been promised, a timely research interest includes how far one can reduce the resource requirement to demonstrate a provable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-01 Jacob Miller , Stephen Sanders , Akimasa Miyake

Analysis of quantum processes, especially in the context of noise, errors, and decoherence is essential for the improvement of quantum devices. An intuitive representation of those processes modeled by quantum channels are Pauli transfer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Lukas Hantzko , Lennart Binkowski , Sabhyata Gupta

Topological quantum computing promises intrinsic fault tolerance by encoding quantum information in non-Abelian anyons, where quantum gates are implemented via braiding. While braiding operations are robust against local perturbations, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-15 Themba Hodge , Philipp Frey , Stephan Rachel

Measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) represents a powerful and flexible framework for quantum information processing, based on the notion of entangled quantum states as computational resources. The most prominent application is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-26 B. P. Lanyon , P. Jurcevic , M. Zwerger , C. Hempel , E. A. Martinez , W. Dür , H. J. Briegel , R. Blatt , C. F. Roos

Probabilistic error cancellation (PEC) is a technique that generates error-mitigated estimates of expectation values from ensembles of quantum circuits. In this work we extend the application of PEC from unitary-only circuits to dynamic…

Twirling is a technique widely used for converting arbitrary noise channels into Pauli channels in error threshold estimations of quantum error correction codes. It is vitally useful both in real experiments and in classical quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-04 Zhenyu Cai , Simon Benjamin

Studies of quantum error correction (QEC) typically focus on stochastic Pauli errors because the existence of a threshold error rate below which stochastic Pauli errors can be corrected implies that there exists a threshold below which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-27 Stefanie J. Beale , Joel J. Wallman

A central building block of many quantum algorithms is the diagonalization of Pauli operators. Although it is always possible to construct a quantum circuit that simultaneously diagonalizes a given set of commuting Pauli operators, only…

The process of reconstructing quantum states from experimental measurements, accomplished through quantum state tomography (QST), plays a crucial role in verifying and benchmarking quantum devices. A key challenge of QST is to find out how…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-08 Zhen Qin , Casey Jameson , Zhexuan Gong , Michael B. Wakin , Zhihui Zhu

We find a scaling reduction in the stabilizer rank of the twelve-qubit tensored $T$ gate magic state. This lowers its asymptotic bound to $2^{\sim 0.463 t}$ for multi-Pauli measurements on $t$ magic states, improving over the best…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-08 Lucas Kocia

We introduce ``dual-unitary shadow tomography'' (DUST), a classical shadow tomography protocol based on dual-unitary brick-wall circuits. To quantify the performance of DUST, we study operator spreading and Pauli weight dynamics in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Ahmed A. Akhtar , Namit Anand , Jeffrey Marshall , Yi-Zhuang You

Developing space- and time-efficient logical magic state preparation protocols will likely be an essential step towards building a large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computer. Motivated by this need, we introduce a scalable method for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Samyak Surti , Lucas Daguerre , Isaac H. Kim