Related papers: Measures supported on partly normal numbers

We report an inconsistency found in probability theory (also referred to as measure-theoretic probability). For probability measures induced by real-valued random variables, we deduce an "equality" such that one side of the "equality" is a…

In the present note we study the interrelations between the sets of so-called typical numbers and numbers that are normal in base two. Employing results by Nakai and Shiokawa, we exhibit examples of numbers that belong to one set but do not…

We study invariant measures of a piecewise expanding map in $\mathbb{R}^m$ defined by an expanding similitude modulo lattice. Using the result of Bang on a problem of Tarski, we show that when the similarity ratio is not less than $m+1$, it…

We consider the problem of computing the measure of a regular set of infinite binary trees. While the general case remains unsolved, we show that the measure of a language can be computed when the set is given in one of the following three…

While finite non-commutative operator systems lie at the foundation of quantum measurement, they are also tools for understanding geometric iterations as used in the theory of iterated function systems (IFSs) and in wavelet analysis. Key is…

We develop a metric and probabilistic theory for the Ostrogradsky representation of real numbers, i.e., the expansion of a real number $x$ in the following form: \begin{align*} x&= \sum_n\frac{(-1)^{n-1}}{q_1q_2... q_n}=…

Given a metric space with a Borel probability measure, for each integer $N$ we obtain a probability distribution on $N\times N$ distance matrices by considering the distances between pairs of points in a sample consisting of $N$ points…

The moduli space $\mathcal{M}_d$ of degree $d\geq2$ rational maps can naturally be endowed with a measure $\mu_\mathrm{bif}$ detecting maximal bifurcations, called the bifurcation measure. We prove that the support of the bifurcation…

The main result of this paper is that for any norm on a complex or real $n$-dimensional linear space, every extremal basis satisfies inverted triangle inequality with scaling factor $2^n-1$. Furthermore, the constant $2^n-1$ is tight. We…

We use a system of first-order partial differential equations that characterize the moment generating function of the $d$-variate standard normal distribution to construct a class of affine invariant tests for normality in any dimension. We…

The halfspace depth of a $d$-dimensional point $x$ with respect to a finite (or probability) Borel measure $\mu$ in $\mathbb{R}^d$ is defined as the infimum of the $\mu$-masses of all closed halfspaces containing $x$. A natural question is…

We prove a Central Limit Theorem for probability measures defined via the variation of the sum-of-digits function, in base $b\ge 2$. For $r\ge 0$ and $d \in \mathbb{Z}$, we consider $\mu^{(r)}(d)$ as the density of integers $n\in…

A symmetric subset of the reals is one that remains invariant under some reflection x --> c-x. Given 0 < x < 1, there exists a real number D(x) with the following property: if 0 < d < D(x), then every subset of [0,1] with measure x contains…

A 1952 result of Davenport and Erd\H{o}s states that if $p$ is an integer-valued polynomial, then the real number $0.p(1)p(2)p(3)\dots$ is Borel normal in base ten. A later result of Nakai and Shiokawa extends this result to polynomials…

We examine Fourier frames and, more generally, frame measures for different probability measures. We prove that if a measure has an associated frame measure, then it must have a certain uniformity in the sense that the weight is distributed…

We propose a "decomposition method" to prove non-asymptotic bound for the convergence of empirical measures in various dual norms. The main point is to show that if one measures convergence in duality with sufficiently regular observables,…

New partial results are obtained related to the following old problem of Erd\"os: for any infinite set $X$ of real numbers to show that there is always a measurable (or, equivalently, closed) subset of reals of positive Lebesgue measure…

Let $S= (s_1<s_2<\dots)$ be a strictly increasing sequence of positive integers and denote $\mathbf{e}(\beta)=\mathrm{e}^{2\pi i \beta}$. We say $S$ is good if for every real $\alpha$ the limit $\lim_N \frac1N\sum_{n\le N}…

Suppose we are given two probability measures on the set of one-way infinite finite-alphabet sequences and consider the question when one of the measures predicts the other, that is, when conditional probabilities converge (in a certain…

Let $\mathcal{M}$ be the set of Borel probability measures on $\mathbb{R}$. We denote by $\mu^{\mathrm{ac}}$ the absolutely continuous part of $\mu\in\mathcal{M}$. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the supports and regularity for…