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Deep neural networks (DNNs) have substantial computational requirements, which greatly limit their performance in resource-constrained environments. Recently, there are increasing efforts on optical neural networks and optical computing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-05 Yingjie Li , Ruiyang Chen , Berardi Sensale Rodriguez , Weilu Gao , Cunxi Yu

Structural colors generated due to light scattering from static all-dielectric metasurfaces have successfully enabled high-resolution, high-saturation, and wide-gamut color printing applications. Despite recent advances, most demonstrations…

Application-specific optical processors have been considered disruptive technologies for modern computing that can fundamentally accelerate the development of artificial intelligence (AI) by offering substantially improved computing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-26 Tiankuang Zhou , Xing Lin , Jiamin Wu , Yitong Chen , Hao Xie , Yipeng Li , Jintao Fan , Huaqiang Wu , Lu Fang , Qionghai Dai

Optical Diffraction Neural Networks (DNNs), a subset of Optical Neural Networks (ONNs), show promise in mirroring the prowess of electronic networks. This study introduces the Hybrid Diffraction Neural Network (HDNN), a novel architecture…

Phase-change materials (PCMs) can switch between different crystalline states as a function of an external bias, offering a pronounced change of their dielectric function. In order to take full advantage of these features for active…

Optics · Physics 2019-04-26 Sergey Lepeshov , Alex Krasnok , Andrea Alù

In recent years, mode-division multiplexing (MDM) has been proposed as a promising solution in order to increase the information capacity of optical networks both in free-space and in optical fiber transmission. Here we present the design,…

Computational material modeling using advanced numerical techniques speeds up the design process and reduces the costs of developing new engineering products. In the field of multiscale modeling, huge computation efforts are expected for…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-01-31 Fadi Aldakheel , Celal Soyarslan , Hari Subramani Palanisamy , Elsayed Saber Elsayed

Diffractive Neural Networks (DNNs) leverage the power of light to enhance computational performance in machine learning, offering a pathway to high-speed, low-energy, and large-scale neural information processing. However, most existing DNN…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-21 Sahar Behroozinia , Qing Gu

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have revolutionized the field of artificial intelligence and have achieved unprecedented success in cognitive tasks such as image and speech recognition. Training of large DNNs, however, is computationally…

Quantum-accurate computer simulations play a central role in understanding phase-change materials (PCMs) for advanced memory technologies. However, direct quantum-mechanical simulations are necessarily limited to simplified models,…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-09-20 Yuxing Zhou , Wei Zhang , En Ma , Volker L. Deringer

The multiplexing capability of metasurfaces has been successfully demonstrated in applications such as holography and diffractive neural networks. However, identifying a suitable structure that simultaneously satisfies the phase…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-12 Chenxuan Xiang , Jumin Qiu , Qiegen Liu , Shuyuan Xiao , Tingting Liu

Research on optical computing has recently attracted significant attention due to the transformative advances in machine learning. Among different approaches, diffractive optical networks composed of spatially-engineered transmissive…

Optics · Physics 2022-05-27 Jingxi Li , Yi-Chun Hung , Onur Kulce , Deniz Mengu , Aydogan Ozcan

Diffractive neural networks leverage the high-dimensional characteristics of electromagnetic (EM) fields for high-throughput computing. However, the existing architectures face challenges in integrating large-scale multidimensional…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-09 Songtao Yang , Sheng Gao , Chu Wu , Zejia Zhao , Haiou Zhang , Xing Lin

We report a monochrome multi-task diffractive network architecture that leverages illumination phase multiplexing to dynamically reconfigure its output function and accurately implement a large group of complex-valued linear transformations…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-09 Xiao Wang , Aydogan Ozcan

A cascaded phase-only mask architecture (or an optical diffractive neural network) can be employed for different optical information processing tasks such as pattern recognition, orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode conversion, image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Yang Gao , Shuming Jiao , Juncheng Fang , Ting Lei , Zhenwei Xie , Xiaocong Yuan

Optical phase change materials (O-PCMs), a unique group of materials featuring drastic optical property contrast upon solid-state phase transition, have found widespread adoption in photonic switches and routers, reconfigurable meta-optics,…

The rapid rise of artificial intelligence, and in-memory computing has reinvigorated research on scalable, energy-efficient, and reconfigurable photonic hardware. Non-volatile phase-change materials (PCMs) are attractive, as they offer…

The prevalent high intrinsic absorption in the crystalline state of phase-change materials (PCMs), typically leads to a decline in modulation efficiency for phase-change metasurfaces, underutilizing their potential for quasi-continuous…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-22 Luoyao Chu , Yan Li , Shunyu Yao , Yuru Li , Siqing Zeng , Zhaohui Li

Optical machine learning offers advantages in terms of power efficiency, scalability and computation speed. Recently, an optical machine learning method based on Diffractive Deep Neural Networks (D2NNs) has been introduced to execute a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Deniz Mengu , Yi Luo , Yair Rivenson , Aydogan Ozcan

An optical equivalent of the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is of great interest to large-scale photonic integrated circuits. Previous programmable photonic devices relying on the weak, volatile thermo-optic or electro-optic effect…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-01-28 Peipeng Xu , Jiajiu Zheng , Jonathan Doylend , Arka Majumdar