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LLMs have garnered considerable attention for their potential to streamline Automated Program Repair (APR). LLM-based approaches can either insert the correct code or directly generate patches when provided with buggy methods. However, most…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Qiong Feng , Xiaotian Ma , Jiayi Sheng , Ziyuan Feng , Wei Song , Peng Liang

Language models have improved by orders of magnitude with the recent emergence of Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs). LLMs have demonstrated their ability to generate natural code that is highly similar to code written by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Aidan Z. H. Yang , Sophia Kolak , Vincent J. Hellendoorn , Ruben Martins , Claire Le Goues

Automatic program repair papers tend to repeatedly use the same benchmarks. This poses a threat to the external validity of the findings of the program repair research community. In this paper, we perform an empirical study of automatic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-29 He Ye , Matias Martinez , Thomas Durieux , Martin Monperrus

A resource leak occurs when a program fails to release a finite resource like a socket, file descriptor or database connection. While sound static analysis tools can detect all leaks, automatically repairing them remains challenging. Prior…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Sanjay Malakar , Michael D. Ernst , Martin Kellogg , Manu Sridharan

Checking software application suitability using automated software tools has become a vital element for most organisations irrespective of whether they produce in-house software or simply customise off-the-shelf software applications for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-08-05 Rajesh Mathur , Scott Miles , Miao Du

Research shows that errors in natural language can be corrected by translating texts to another language and back using language models. We explore to what extent this latent correction capability extends to Automated Program Repair (APR)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Fernando Vallecillos Ruiz , Anastasiia Grishina , Max Hort , Leon Moonen

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promising performance on various programming tasks, including Automatic Program Repair (APR). However, most approaches to LLM-based APR are limited to the static analysis of the programs, while disregarding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Mirazul Haque , Petr Babkin , Farima Farmahinifarahani , Manuela Veloso

Automated Program Repair (APR) improves software reliability by generating patches for a buggy program automatically. Recent APR techniques leverage deep learning (DL) to build models to learn to generate patches from existing patches and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Nan Jiang , Thibaud Lutellier , Yiling Lou , Lin Tan , Dan Goldwasser , Xiangyu Zhang

API misuses often lead to software bugs, crashes, and vulnerabilities. While several API misuse detectors have been proposed, there are no automatic repair tools specifically designed for this purpose. In a recent study, test-suite-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Ting Zhang , Ivana Clairine Irsan , Ferdian Thung , David Lo , Asankhaya Sharma , Lingxiao Jiang

We present ABETS, an assertion-based, dynamic analyzer that helps diagnose errors in Maude programs. ABETS uses slicing to automatically create reduced versions of both a run's execution trace and executed program, reduced versions in which…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-08-05 M. Alpuente , D. Ballis , F. Frechina , J. Sapiña

Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques have drawn wide attention from both academia and industry. Meanwhile, one main limitation with the current state-of-the-art APR tools is that patches passing all the original tests are not…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Jun Yang , Yuehan Wang , Yiling Lou , Ming Wen , Lingming Zhang

Automated Program Repair (APR) aims to automatically generate patches for rectifying software bugs. Recent strides in Large Language Models (LLM), such as ChatGPT, have yielded encouraging outcomes in APR, especially within the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jiaolong Kong , Mingfei Cheng , Xiaofei Xie , Shangqing Liu , Xiaoning Du , Qi Guo

Immediate feedback has been shown to improve student learning. In programming courses, immediate, automated feedback is typically provided in the form of pre-defined test cases run by a submission platform. While these are excellent for…

Automated program repair has emerged as a powerful technique to mitigate the impact of software bugs on system reliability and user experience. This paper introduces RepairAgent, the first work to address the program repair challenge…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Islem Bouzenia , Premkumar Devanbu , Michael Pradel

Many techniques for automated program repair involve syntactic program transformations. Applying combinations of such transformations on faulty code yields fix candidates whose correctness must be determined. Exploring these combinations…

Sequence-to-sequence models have been used to transform erroneous programs into correct ones when trained with a large enough dataset. Some recent studies also demonstrated strong empirical evidence that code review could improve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Rishov Paul , Md. Mohib Hossain , Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Masum Hasan , Anindya Iqbal , Joanna C. S. Santos

Defects4J is a large, peer-reviewed, structured dataset of real-world Java bugs. Each bug in Defects4J comes with a test suite and at least one failing test case that triggers the bug. In this paper, we report on an experiment to explore…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Matias Martinez , Thomas Durieux , Romain Sommerard , Jifeng Xuan , Martin Monperrus

Fault Localization (FL) is a critical step in Automated Program Repair (APR), and its importance has increased with the rise of Large Language Model (LLM)-based repair agents. In realistic project-level repair scenarios, software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Melika Sepidband , Hamed Taherkhani , Hung Viet Pham , Hadi Hemmati

Automatic Program Repair (APR) is a brilliant idea: when detecting a bug, also provide suggestions for correcting the program. Progress towards that goal is hindered by the absence of a common frame of reference for the multiplicity of APR…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Victoria Kananchuk , Ilgiz Mustafin , Bertrand Meyer

Large Language Models (LLMs) perform well on automatic program repair (APR) for high-resource programming languages (HRPLs), but their effectiveness drops sharply in low-resource programming languages (LRPLs), due to a lack of sufficient…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zhipeng Wang , Boyang Yang , Yidong Wan , Liuye Guo , You Lv , Tao Zheng , Zhuowei Wang , Tieke He