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It is widely recognized that program repair tools need to have a high precision to be useful, i.e., the generated patches need to have a high probability to be correct. However, it is fundamentally difficult to ensure the correctness of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Jingjing Liang , Ruyi Ji , Jiajun Jiang , Yiling Lou , Yingfei Xiong , Gang Huang

Program synthesis and repair have emerged as an exciting area of research, driven by the potential for revolutionary advances in programmer productivity. Among most promising ideas emerging for synthesis are syntax-driven search,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-07-14 Manos Koukoutos , Mukund Raghothaman , Etienne Kneuss , Viktor Kuncak

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong program repair performance but often suffer from over-editing, where excessive modifications overwrite correct code and hinder bug localization. We systematically quantify its impact and introduce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Changxin Ke , Rui Zhang , Jiaming Guo , Yuanbo Wen , Li Ding , Shuo Wang , Xuyuan Zhu , Xiong Peng , Di Huang , Zidong Du , Xing Hu , Qi Guo , Yunji Chen

Automatic program repair (APR) is crucial to improve software reliability. Recently, neural machine translation (NMT) techniques have been used to fix software bugs automatically. While promising, these approaches have two major…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Nan Jiang , Thibaud Lutellier , Lin Tan

Large language models (LLM) have proven to be effective at automated program repair (APR). However, using LLMs can be costly, with companies invoicing users by the number of tokens. In this paper, we propose CigaR, the first LLM-based APR…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Dávid Hidvégi , Khashayar Etemadi , Sofia Bobadilla , Martin Monperrus

Background: Large language models (LLMs) have greatly improved the accuracy of automated program repair (APR) methods. However, LLMs are constrained by high computational resource requirements. Aims: We focus on small language models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Kazuki Kusama , Honglin Shu , Masanari Kondo , Yasutaka Kamei

Automated Program Repair (APR) plays a critical role in enhancing the quality and reliability of software systems. While substantial progress has been made in Java-based APR, largely facilitated by benchmarks like Defects4J, there remains a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Jian Wang , Xiaofei Xie , Qiang Hu , Shangqing Liu , Jiongchi Yu , Jiaolong Kong , Yi Li

In the field of automated program repair, the redundancy assumption claims large programs contain the seeds of their own repair. However, most redundancy-based program repair techniques do not reason about the repair ingredients---the code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Martin White , Michele Tufano , Matias Martinez , Martin Monperrus , Denys Poshyvanyk

Context: During last years, many automatic software repair approaches have been presented by the software engineering research community. According to the corresponding papers, these approaches are able to repair real defects from open…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-10-27 Matias Martinez , Martin Monperrus

This paper describes a new program simplification technique called program trimming that aims to improve the scalability and precision of safety checking tools. Given a program ${\mathcal P}$, program trimming generates a new program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-06-15 Kostas Ferles , Valentin Wüstholz , Maria Christakis , Isil Dillig

Background: Testing and validation of the semantic correctness of patches provided by tools for Automated Program Repairs (APR) has received a lot of attention. Yet, the eventual acceptance or rejection of suggested patches for real world…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Aurora Papotti , Ranindya Paramitha , Fabio Massacci

Software defects are an inherent part of software development and maintenance. To address these defects, Automated Program Repair (APR) has been developed to fix bugs automatically. With the advent of Large Language Models, Code Language…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Yunan Wang , Tingyu Guo , Zilong Huang , Yuan Yuan

Repairing RTL bugs is crucial for hardware design and verification. Traditional automatic program repair (APR) methods define dedicated search spaces to locate and fix bugs with program synthesis. However, they heavily rely on fixed…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Zizhang Luo , Fan Cui , Kexing Zhou , Runlin Guo , Mile Xia , Hongyuan Hou , Yun Liang

This study explores the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in automating the repair of C programs. We present a framework that integrates spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL), runtime feedback, and Chain-of-Thought-structured…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Mahdi Farzandway , Fatemeh Ghassemi

Context: Bug bisection is a common technique used to identify a revision that introduces a bug or indirectly fixes a bug, and often involves executing multiple revisions of a project to determine whether the bug is present within the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Ching Hang Mak , Shing-Chi Cheung

The increasing complexity of software has led to the steady growth of vulnerabilities. Vulnerability repair investigates how to fix software vulnerabilities. Manual vulnerability repair is labor-intensive and time-consuming because it…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Yiwei Hu , Zhen Li , Kedie Shu , Shenghua Guan , Deqing Zou , Shouhuai Xu , Bin Yuan , Hai Jin

Maintenance is the last and the most critical phase of the software development life cycle. It involves debugging of errors and different types of enhancements which are requested by the user. Software reliability regarding maintenance is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-05-04 Ahmad Mateen , Muhammad Azeem Akbar

Automated program repair techniques aim to aid software developers with the challenging task of fixing bugs. In heuristic-based program repair, a search space of program variants, created via mutations on software, is explored to find…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Carol Hanna , Aymeric Blot , Justyna Petke

In the context of test case based automated program repair (APR), the research community call the patches that pass all the test cases but fail to actually fix the bug test case overfitted patches. Currently, overfitted patches has to be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Ali Ghanbari

Surface cracks in infrastructure can lead to severe deterioration and expensive maintenance if not efficiently repaired. Manual repair methods are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and imprecise. While advancements in robotic perception and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Joshua Genova , Eric Cabrera , Vedhus Hoskere