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The hypothesis that the late Universe is isotropic and homogeneous is adopted by most cosmological studies. The expansion rate $H_0$ is thought to be spatially constant, while bulk flows are often presumed to be negligible compared to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-02 K. Migkas , F. Pacaud , G. Schellenberger , J. Erler , N. T. Nguyen-Dang , T. H. Reiprich , M. E. Ramos-Ceja , L. Lovisari

Joint analyses on X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect of a cluster of galaxies can give rise to an estimate on the angular diameter distance to the cluster. With the redshift information of the cluster, the Hubble constant $H_0$ can…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Y. -G. Wang , Z. -H. Fan

The isotropy of the late Universe is an assumption greatly used in astronomy. However, many studies have recently reported deviations from isotropy with a definitive conclusion yet to be made. New, independent methods to robustly test the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-09 K. Migkas , G. Schellenberger , T. H. Reiprich , F. Pacaud , M. E. Ramos-Ceja , L. Lovisari

Scaling relations of galaxy clusters are a powerful probe of cosmic isotropy in the late Universe. Owing to their strong cosmological dependence, galaxy cluster scaling relations can obtain tight constraints on the spatial variation of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-05 Konstantinos Migkas

Measurements of the Hubble-Lema\^{i}tre constant ($H_0$) require us to estimate the distance and recession velocity of galaxies independently. Gravitational clustering that leads to the formation of galaxies and the large scale structure…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-24 Swati Gavas , J S Bagla , Nishikanta Khandai

We present the first study of the isotropy of the distribution of morphological types of galaxies in the Local Universe out to around 200 Mpc using more than 60,000 galaxies from the HyperLeda database. We divide the sky into two opposite…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-18 Behnam Javanmardi , Pavel Kroupa

The relationship between the X-ray determined temperature $T$ of the intracluster gas and the optical measured velocity dispersion $\sigma$ of the cluster galaxies is often believed to be not only a straightforward but also robust test for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Xiang-Ping Wu , Li-Zhi Fang , Wen Xu

We introduce a new test to study the Cosmological Principle with galaxy clusters. Galaxy clusters exhibit a tight correlation between the luminosity and temperature of the X-ray-emitting intracluster medium. While the luminosity measurement…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-28 Konstantinos Migkas , Thomas H. Reiprich

A spherical cosmological model with a local void on scales of $\sim 200$ Mpc and with an inhomogeneous Hubble constant was proposed in recent two papers. This model explains consistently the observed properties of the cosmic bulk flow, the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Kenji Tomita

The standard cosmological model, $\Lambda$CDM, assumes isotropy on large cosmic scales. However, recent studies using galaxy cluster scaling relations have reported an apparent $H_0$ anisotropy at $5.4\sigma$ that could be attributed to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-29 Yujie He , Konstantinos Migkas , Joop Schaye , Joey Braspenning , Matthieu Schaller

The cosmological principle asserting the large-scale uniformity of the Universe is a testable assumption of the standard cosmological model. We explore the constraints on anisotropic expansion provided by measuring directional variation in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-07 Paula Boubel , Matthew Colless , Khaled Said , Lister Staveley-Smith

For precision cosmological studies it is important to know the local properties of the reference point from which we observe the Universe. Particularly for the determination of the Hubble constant with low-redshift distance indicators, the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-25 Hans Boehringer , Gayoung Chon , Chris A. Collins

In this study we investigate potential large-angle anisotropies in the angular distribution of the cosmological parameters $H_0$ (the Hubble constant) and $\Omega_m$ (the matter density) in the flat-$\Lambda$CDM framework, using the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-08 Rahima Mokeddem , Maria Lopes , Felipe Avila , Armando Bernui , Wiliam S. Hipólito-Ricaldi

Using $\Lambda$CDM and Pad\'e-(2,1) cosmography, we study directional variations in the Hubble constant, $H_0$, using galaxy cluster and Type Ia Supernovae (from Pantheon Plus) by the hemisphere decomposition method. Since there is a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-07 Shubham Barua , Sujit K. Dalui , Shantanu Desai

Based on general relativity, it can be argued that deviations from a uniform Hubble flow should be thought of as variations in the Universe's expansion velocity field, rather than being thought of as peculiar velocities with respect to a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 M. L. McClure , C. C. Dyer

In this work, we obtain Hubble constant ($H_0$) estimates by using two galaxy cluster gas mass fraction measurement samples, Type Ia supernovae luminosity distances, and the validity of the cosmic distance duality relation. Notably, the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-09 Javier E. Gonzalez , Marcelo Ferreira , Leorando R. Colaço , Rodrigo F. L. Holanda , Rafael C. Nunes

We test claims of large-scale anisotropy in the local expansion rate using cluster scaling relations as distance indicators. Using a Bayesian forward model, we jointly fit the X-ray luminosity--temperature (LT) and thermal…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-06 Tariq Yasin , Richard Stiskalek , Harry Desmond , Sebastian von Hausegger , Pedro G. Ferreira

We use a sample of 14 massive, dynamically relaxed galaxy clusters to constrain the Hubble Constant, $H_0$, by combining X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect signals measured with Chandra, Planck and Bolocam. This is the first such…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-14 Jenny T. Wan , Adam B. Mantz , Jack Sayers , Steven W. Allen , R. Glenn Morris , Sunil R. Golwala

Most studies of correlations between X-ray and optical properties of galaxy clusters have used the largest samples of data available, regardless of the morphological types of clusters included. Given the increasing evidence that morphology…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Christina M. Bird , Richard F. Mushotzky , Christopher A. Metzler

We measure the evolution of the velocity dispersion--temperature ($\sigma_{\rm v}$--$T_{\rm X}$) relation up to $z = 1$ using a sample of 38 galaxy clusters drawn from the \textit{XMM} Cluster Survey. This work improves upon previous…

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