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In a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), producing a high-resolution image generally requires an electron beam focused to the smallest point possible. However, the magnetic lenses used to focus the beam are unavoidably…

The accurate segmentation of medical images is crucial for diagnosing and treating diseases. Recent studies demonstrate that vision transformer-based methods have significantly improved performance in medical image segmentation, primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Wentao Wang , Xi Xiao , Mingjie Liu , Qing Tian , Xuanyao Huang , Qizhen Lan , Swalpa Kumar Roy , Tianyang Wang

Recent advances in optical technology have significantly enhanced the resolution of imaging of living cells, achieving nanometer-scale precision. However, the crowded three-dimensional environment within cells presents a challenge for…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-20 Vahid Nasirimarekani , Zuzana Ditte , Eberhard Bodenschatz

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is indispensable in modern materials science, enabling high-resolution imaging across a wide range of structural, chemical, and functional investigations. However, SEM imaging remains constrained by…

To increase the flexibility and scalability of deep neural networks for image reconstruction, a framework is proposed based on bandpass filtering. For many applications, sensing measurements are performed indirectly. For example, in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Joseph Y. Cheng , Feiyu Chen , Marcus T. Alley , John M. Pauly , Shreyas S. Vasanawala

Magnetic resonance (MR) protocols rely on several sequences to assess pathology and organ status properly. Despite advances in image analysis, we tend to treat each sequence, here termed modality, in isolation. Taking advantage of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Agisilaos Chartsias , Giorgos Papanastasiou , Chengjia Wang , Scott Semple , David E. Newby , Rohan Dharmakumar , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

We present a reference-free computational wavefront sensor based on binary amplitude modulation and phase retrieval. The method employs Digital Micro-mirror Device as a programmable amplitude modulator and reconstructs the complex optical…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-12 Ondrej Denk , Jan Pilar , Martin Divoky , Miroslav Cech , Tomas Mocek

The Depth from Defocus (DFD) imaging technique for measuring the size and number concentration of particles in a dispersed two-phase flow has up to now been restricted to relatively sparse particle densities and to identifying only…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-04-01 Rixin Xua , Zuojie Huanga , Wenchao Gonga , Wu Zhoua , Cameron Tropea

Tilting planar samples for multi-zone-axes observation is a routine procedure in electron microscopy. However, this process invariably introduces optical path differences in the electron beam across different sample positions, significantly…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-08-22 Jizhe Cui , Yi Zheng , Kang Sun , Wenfeng Yang , Haozhi Sha , Rong Yu

The long wavelength modes lost to bright foregrounds in the interferometric 21-cm surveys can partially be recovered using a forward modeling approach that exploits the non-linear coupling between small and large scales induced by…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-27 Chirag Modi , Martin White , Emanuele Castorina , Anže Slosar

We present a new technique for monitoring microlensing activity even in highly crowded fields, and use this technique to place limits on low-mass MACHOs in the haloes of M31 and the Galaxy. Unlike present Galactic microlensing surveys, we…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-28 Austin B. Tomaney , Arlin P. S. Crotts

In recent years, novel view synthesis has gained popularity in generating high-fidelity images. While demonstrating superior performance in the task of synthesizing novel views, the majority of these methods are still based on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Xiaoyan Yang , Dingbo Lu , Yang Li , Chenhui Li , Changbo Wang

Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF), as a pioneering technique in computer vision, offer great potential to revolutionize medical imaging by synthesizing three-dimensional representations from the projected two-dimensional image data. However,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-27 Xin Wang , Yineng Chen , Shu Hu , Heng Fan , Hongtu Zhu , Xin Li

With applications ranging from metabolomics to histopathology, quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) is a powerful label-free imaging modality. Despite significant advances in fast multiplexed imaging sensors and deep-learning-based inverse…

The challenge of imaging low-density objects in an electron microscope without causing beam damage is significant in modern TEM. This is especially true for life science imaging, where the sample, rather than the instrument, still…

Optics · Physics 2025-01-29 Francisco Vega Ibáñez , Jo Verbeeck

Microscopy is one of the most essential imaging techniques in life sciences. High-quality images are required in order to solve (potentially life-saving) biomedical research problems. Many microscopy techniques do not achieve sufficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-24 Joris Roels , Jan Aelterman , Jonas De Vylder , Hiep Luong , Yvan Saeys , Wilfried Philips

X-ray imaging is a rapid and cost-effective tool for visualizing internal human anatomy. While multi-view X-ray imaging provides complementary information that enhances diagnosis, intervention, and education, acquiring images from multiple…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Chun Xie , Yuichi Yoshii , Itaru Kitahara

Traditional glass-based optics are typically optimized for narrow spectral bands, such as the visible (400-700nm) or shortwave infrared (1000-1800nm). While the emergence of VIS-SWIR sensors (400-1700nm) offers transformative potential,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-04 Vishwanath Saragadam , Niki Nezakati , Amit Roy-Chowdhury , Vivek Boominathan

High dynamic range (HDR) imaging is vital for capturing the full range of light tones in scenes, essential for computer vision tasks such as autonomous driving. Standard commercial imaging systems face limitations in capacity for well…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-08 Brayan Monroy , Kebin Contreras , Jorge Bacca

Proton radiography has proved increasingly successful as a diagnostic for electric and magnetic fields in high energy density physics experiments. Most experiments use target-normal-sheath-acceleration sources with a wide energy range in…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-07-16 Christopher Arran , Christopher P. Ridgers , Nigel C. Woolsey