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Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a broad class of connectionist models for graph processing. Recent studies have shown that GNNs can approximate any function on graphs, modulo the equivalence relation on graphs defined by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Giuseppe Alessio D'Inverno , Monica Bianchini , Maria Lucia Sampoli , Franco Scarselli

We study inhomogeneous random graphs with a finite type space. For a natural generalization of the model as a dynamic network-valued process, the paper establishes the following results: (a) Functional central limit theorems for the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Shankar Bhamidi , Amarjit Budhiraja , Akshay Sakanaveeti

Delaunay and Gabriel graphs are widely studied geometric proximity structures. Motivated by applications in wireless routing, relaxed versions of these graphs known as \emph{Locally Delaunay Graphs} ($LDGs$) and \emph{Locally Gabriel…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Abhijeet Khopkar , Sathish Govindarajan

Graph neural networks (GNNs) can process graphs of different sizes, but their ability to generalize across sizes, specifically from small to large graphs, is still not well understood. In this paper, we identify an important type of data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Gilad Yehudai , Ethan Fetaya , Eli Meirom , Gal Chechik , Haggai Maron

We present a new approach to graph limit theory which unifies and generalizes the two most well developed directions, namely dense graph limits (even the more general $L^p$ limits) and Benjamini--Schramm limits (even in the stronger…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-05 Agnes Backhausz , Balazs Szegedy

Graph limit models, like graphons for limits of dense graphs, have recently been used to study size transferability of graph neural networks (GNNs). While most literature focuses on message passing GNNs (MPNNs), in this work we attend to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Daniel Herbst , Stefanie Jegelka

In recent years, Graph Neural Network (GNN) has bloomly progressed for its power in processing graph-based data. Most GNNs follow a message passing scheme, and their expressive power is mathematically limited by the discriminative ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Alan J. X. Guo , Qing-Hu Hou , Ou Wu

Graphons are limit objects of sequences of graphs and are used to analyze the behavior of large graphs. Recently, graphon signal processing has been developed to study signal processing on large graphs. A major limitation of this approach…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 Feng Ji , Xingchao Jian , Wee Peng Tay

L. Lov\'asz and B. Szegedy proved in 2006 that the limits of convergent graph sequences can be described by measurable symmetric functions $W: [0, 1]\times [0, 1]\to [0, 1]$ called graphons. In our present paper we investigate the structure…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-30 Attila Nagy

Graph Neural Nets (GNNs) have received increasing attentions, partially due to their superior performance in many node and graph classification tasks. However, there is a lack of understanding on what they are learning and how sophisticated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Ting Chen , Song Bian , Yizhou Sun

The theory of graph limits represents large graphs by analytic objects called graphons. Graph limits determined by finitely many graph densities, which are represented by finitely forcible graphons, arise in various scenarios, particularly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-10 Jacob W. Cooper , Daniel Kral , Taisa L. Martins

The recent theory of graph limits gives a powerful framework for understanding the properties of suitable (convergent) sequences $(G_n)$ of graphs in terms of a limiting object which may be represented by a symmetric function $W$ on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-08-21 Bela Bollobas , Svante Janson , Oliver Riordan

The Max-Cut problem is a well known combinatorial optimization problem. In this paper we describe a fast approximation method. Given a graph G, we want to find a cut whose size is maximal among all possible cuts. A cut is a partition of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-07-11 Blaine Keetch , Yves van Gennip

Graphons are infinite-dimensional objects that represent the limit of convergent sequences of graphs as their number of nodes goes to infinity. This paper derives a theory of graphon signal processing centered on the notions of graphon…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-18 Luana Ruiz , Luiz F. O. Chamon , Alejandro Ribeiro

A recent paper, ``A Graphon-Signal Analysis of Graph Neural Networks'', by Levie, analyzed message passing graph neural networks (MPNNs) by embedding the input space of MPNNs, i.e., attributed graphs (graph-signals), to a space of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Levi Rauchwerger , Ron Levie

Existing approaches to analyzing the asymptotics of graph Laplacians typically assume a well-behaved kernel function with smoothness assumptions. We remove the smoothness assumption and generalize the analysis of graph Laplacians to include…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-01-31 Daniel Ting , Ling Huang , Michael Jordan

This paper investigates fractional torsional rigidity on compact, connected metric graphs, a novel extension of the classical concept to nonlocal operators. The fractional torsional rigidity is defined as the $L^1$-norm of the fractional…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Sedef Özcan

Most state-of-the-art graph kernels only take local graph properties into account, i.e., the kernel is computed with regard to properties of the neighborhood of vertices or other small substructures. On the other hand, kernels that do take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-25 Christopher Morris , Kristian Kersting , Petra Mutzel

Graphon is a nonparametric model that generates graphs with arbitrary sizes and can be induced from graphs easily. Based on this model, we propose a novel algorithmic framework called \textit{graphon autoencoder} to build an interpretable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Hongteng Xu , Peilin Zhao , Junzhou Huang , Dixin Luo

Let $\mathbf G$ be a graphing, that is a Borel graph defined by $d$ measure preserving involutions. We prove that if $\mathbf G$ is {\em treeable} then it arises as the local limit of some sequence $(G_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$ of graphs with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-22 Lucas Hosseini , Patrice Ossona de Mendez