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We consider adaptations of the Mumford-Shah functional to graphs. These are based on discretizations of nonlocal approximations to the Mumford-Shah functional. Motivated by applications in machine learning we study the random geometric…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-08-26 Marco Caroccia , Antonin Chambolle , Dejan Slepčev

Subgraph counting is a fundamental task for analyzing structural patterns in graph-structured data, with important applications in domains such as computational biology and social network analysis, where recurring motifs reveal functional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Shubhajit Roy , Shrutimoy Das , Binita Maity , Anant Kumar , Anirban Dasgupta

While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable results in a variety of applications, recent studies exposed important shortcomings in their ability to capture the structure of the underlying graph. It has been shown that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Giorgos Bouritsas , Fabrizio Frasca , Stefanos Zafeiriou , Michael M. Bronstein

Graph neural networks (GNNs) use graph convolutions to exploit network invariances and learn meaningful feature representations from network data. However, on large-scale graphs convolutions incur in high computational cost, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Juan Cervino , Luana Ruiz , Alejandro Ribeiro

Motivated by recent experiments on fermionic rings, we study the asymptotic behaviour of minimizers of the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) energy in an annulus with a Dirichlet data which depends on the GL parameter on the outer boundary. We show that…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-11-13 Amandine Aftalion , Rémy Rodiac

Functional Gaussian graphical models (GGM) used for analyzing multivariate functional data customarily estimate an unknown graphical model representing the conditional relationships between the functional variables. However, in many…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-03 Debangan Dey , Sudipto Banerjee , Martin Lindquist , Abhirup Datta

Graph-based approximation methods are of growing interest in many areas, including transportation, biological and chemical networks, financial models, image processing, network flows, and more. In these applications, often a basis for the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-18 Edward J. Fuselier , John Paul Ward

Graph filtering is the cornerstone operation in graph signal processing (GSP). Thus, understanding it is key in developing potent GSP methods. Graph filters are local and distributed linear operations, whose output depends only on the local…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-21 T. Mitchell Roddenberry , Fernando Gama , Richard G. Baraniuk , Santiago Segarra

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) show strong expressive power on graph data mining, by aggregating information from neighbors and using the integrated representation in the downstream tasks. The same aggregation methods and parameters for each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Xiaojun Ma , Qin Chen , Yuanyi Ren , Guojie Song , Liang Wang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been widely used in graph-related contexts. It is known that the separation power of GNNs is equivalent to that of the Weisfeiler-Lehman (WL) test; hence, GNNs are imperfect at identifying all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Ziang Chen , Qiao Zhang , Runzhong Wang

The purpose of this paper is to develop a general existence theory for constrained minimization problems for functionals defined on function spaces on metric measure spaces $(\mathcal M, d, \mu)$. We apply this theory to functionals defined…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-07-10 Matthias Hofmann

Graphons, as limits of graph sequences, provide an operator-theoretic framework for analyzing the asymptotic behavior of graph neural operators. Spectral convergence of sampled graphs to graphons induces convergence of the corresponding…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-26 Roxanne Holden , Luana Ruiz

Recently, the theory of dense graph limits has received attention from multiple disciplines including graph theory, computer science, statistical physics, probability, statistics, and group theory. In this paper we initiate the study of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-09 Peter Diao , Dominique Guillot , Apoorva Khare , Bala Rajaratnam

A numerical approach to Ginzburg-Landau (GL) theory is demonstrated and we review its applications to several examples of current interest in the research on superconductivity. This analysis also shows the applicability of the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2016-08-14 M. V. Milošević , R. Geurts

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become the standard approach for learning and reasoning over relational data, leveraging the message-passing mechanism that iteratively propagates node embeddings through graph structures. While GNNs have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Xiaoyu Li , Yingyu Liang , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Wei Wang , Jiahao Zhang

Let $\Gamma$ be a graph equipped with a Markov operator $P$. We introduce discrete fractional Littlewood-Paley square functionals and prove their $L^p$-boundedness under various geometric assumptions on $\Gamma$.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-06-10 Joseph Feneuil

Graph kernels based on the $1$-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm and corresponding neural architectures recently emerged as powerful tools for (supervised) learning with graphs. However, due to the purely local nature of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Christopher Morris , Gaurav Rattan , Petra Mutzel

The expressive power of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has been studied extensively through the Weisfeiler-Leman (WL) graph isomorphism test. However, standard GNNs and the WL framework are inapplicable for geometric graphs embedded in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Chaitanya K. Joshi , Cristian Bodnar , Simon V. Mathis , Taco Cohen , Pietro Liò

Modeling long-range interactions, the propagation of information across distant parts of a graph, is a central challenge in graph machine learning. Graph wavelets, inspired by multi-resolution signal processing, provide a principled way to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Filippo Guerranti , Fabrizio Forte , Simon Geisler , Stephan Günnemann

Current graph neural networks (GNNs) lack generalizability with respect to scales (graph sizes, graph diameters, edge weights, etc..) when solving many graph analysis problems. Taking the perspective of synthesizing graph theory programs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Hao Tang , Zhiao Huang , Jiayuan Gu , Bao-Liang Lu , Hao Su