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This document focuses on translating various information-theoretic measures of distinguishability for probability distributions into measures of distin- guishability for quantum states. These measures should have important appli- cations in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Christopher A. Fuchs

We prove decomposition rules for quantum R\'enyi mutual information, generalising the relation $I(A:B) = H(A) - H(A|B)$ to inequalities between R\'enyi mutual information and R\'enyi entropy of different orders. The proof uses Beigi's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-23 Alexander McKinlay , Marco Tomamichel

The Entropy Accumulation Theorem (EAT) was introduced to significantly improve the finite-size rates for device-independent quantum information processing tasks such as device-independent quantum key distribution (QKD). A natural question…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-17 Ian George , Jie Lin , Thomas van Himbeeck , Kun Fang , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Feature selection, in the context of machine learning, is the process of separating the highly predictive feature from those that might be irrelevant or redundant. Information theory has been recognized as a useful concept for this task, as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Catuscia Palamidessi , Marco Romanelli

Quantum key distribution performs the trick of growing a secret key in two distant places connected by a quantum channel. The main reason is that the legitimate users can bound the information gathered by the eavesdropper. In practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-03 David Elkouss , Jesus Martinez-Mateo , Vicente Martin

Randomness is a vital resource for modern day information processing, especially for cryptography. A wide range of applications critically rely on abundant, high quality random numbers generated securely. Here we show how to expand a random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-02 Carl A. Miller , Yaoyun Shi

Bounds on information combining are entropic inequalities that determine how the information, or entropy, of a set of random variables can change when they are combined in certain prescribed ways. Such bounds play an important role in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Christoph Hirche

Apart from their foundational significance, entropic uncertainty relations play a central role in proving the security of quantum cryptographic protocols. Of particular interest are thereby relations in terms of the smooth min-entropy for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-23 Nelly Huei Ying Ng , Mario Berta , Stephanie Wehner

Smooth entropies are a tool for quantifying resource trade-offs in (quantum) information theory and cryptography. In typical bi- and multi-partite problems, however, some of the sub-systems are often left unchanged and this is not reflected…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-20 Anurag Anshu , Mario Berta , Rahul Jain , Marco Tomamichel

It is known that advantage distillation (that is, information reconciliation using two-way communication) improves noise tolerances for quantum key distribution (QKD) setups. Two-way communication is hence also of interest in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-27 Thomas A. Hahn , Ernest Y. -Z. Tan

Strong attacks against quantum key distribution use quantum memories and quantum gates to attack directly the final key. In this paper we extend a novel security result recently obtained, to demonstrate proofs of security against a wide…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 E. Biahm , T. Mor

Quantum indistinguishability of non-orthogonal quantum states is a valuable resource in quantum information applications such as cryptography and randomness generation. In this article, we present a sequential state-discrimination scheme…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Lemieux Wang , Hanwool Lee , Joonwoo Bae , Kieran Flatt

We prove a lower bound on the information leakage of any classical protocol computing the equality function in the simultaneous message passing (SMP) model. Our bound is valid in the finite length regime and is strong enough to demonstrate…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-07-27 Juan Miguel Arrazola , Dave Touchette

The mutual information is a measure of classical and quantum correlations of great interest in quantum information. It is also relevant in quantum many-body physics, by virtue of satisfying an area law for thermal states and bounding all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 Samuel O. Scalet , Álvaro M. Alhambra , Georgios Styliaris , J. Ignacio Cirac

Fragile quantum features such as entanglement are employed to improve the precision of parameter estimation and as a consequence the quantum gain becomes vulnerable to noise. As an established tool to subdue noise, quantum error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-09 Xiao-Ming Lu , Sixia Yu , C. H. Oh

In quantum Shannon theory, various kinds of quantum entropies are used to characterize the capacities of noisy physical systems. Among them, min-entropy and its smooth version attract wide interest especially in the field of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Rong Wang , H. F. Chau

I study the mutual information between spatial subsystems in a variety of scale invariant quantum field theories. While it is derived from the bare entanglement entropy, the mutual information offers a more refined probe of the entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-21 Brian Swingle

One of the predominant challenges when engineering future quantum information processors is that large quantum systems are notoriously hard to maintain and control accurately. It is therefore of immediate practical relevance to investigate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-31 Marco Tomamichel

Measuring the information leakage is critical for evaluating the practical security of cryptographic devices against side-channel analysis. Information-theoretic measures can be used (along with Fano's inequality) to derive upper bounds on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Wei Cheng , Yi Liu , Sylvain Guilley , Olivier Rioul

Computational entropies provide a framework for quantifying uncertainty and randomness under computational constraints. They play a central role in classical cryptography, underpinning the analysis and construction of primitives such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Noam Avidan , Rotem Arnon