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Diffusion policies have shown promise in learning complex behaviors from demonstrations, particularly for tasks requiring precise control and long-term planning. However, they face challenges in robustness when encountering distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Mingyang Sun , Pengxiang Ding , Weinan Zhang , Donglin Wang

Classifier free guidance has shown strong potential in diffusion-based reinforcement learning. However, existing methods rely on joint training of the guidance module and the diffusion model, which can be suboptimal during the early stages…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zhaoyang Chen , Cody Fleming

Recently, the diffusion model has emerged as a powerful generative technique for robotic policy learning, capable of modeling multi-mode action distributions. Leveraging its capability for end-to-end autonomous driving is a promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Bencheng Liao , Shaoyu Chen , Haoran Yin , Bo Jiang , Cheng Wang , Sixu Yan , Xinbang Zhang , Xiangyu Li , Ying Zhang , Qian Zhang , Xinggang Wang

Stationary Distribution Correction Estimation (DICE) addresses the mismatch between the stationary distribution induced by a policy and the target distribution required for reliable off-policy evaluation (OPE) and policy optimization.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Woosung Kim , JunHo Seo , Jongmin Lee , Byung-Jun Lee

With the great success of diffusion models (DMs) in generating realistic synthetic vision data, many researchers have investigated their potential in decision-making and control. Most of these works utilized DMs to sample directly from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hanye Zhao , Xiaoshen Han , Zhengbang Zhu , Minghuan Liu , Yong Yu , De-Chuan Zhan , Weinan Zhang

Drawing upon recent advances in language model alignment, we formulate offline Reinforcement Learning as a two-stage optimization problem: First pretraining expressive generative policies on reward-free behavior datasets, then fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Huayu Chen , Kaiwen Zheng , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Improving the sample efficiency of reinforcement learning algorithms requires effective exploration. Following the principle of $\textit{optimism in the face of uncertainty}$ (OFU), we train a separate exploration policy to maximize the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Jiachen Li , Shuo Cheng , Zhenyu Liao , Huayan Wang , William Yang Wang , Qinxun Bai

Diffusion models have become a popular choice for representing actor policies in behavior cloning and offline reinforcement learning. This is due to their natural ability to optimize an expressive class of distributions over a continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Michael Psenka , Alejandro Escontrela , Pieter Abbeel , Yi Ma

In this paper, we propose a novel approach called DIffusion-guided DIversity (DIDI) for offline behavioral generation. The goal of DIDI is to learn a diverse set of skills from a mixture of label-free offline data. We achieve this by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Jinxin Liu , Xinghong Guo , Zifeng Zhuang , Donglin Wang

Generative models such as diffusion have been employed as world models in offline reinforcement learning to generate synthetic data for more effective learning. Existing work either generates diffusion models one-time prior to training or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Zeyu Fang , Tian Lan

In medicine, treatments often influence multiple, interdependent outcomes, such as primary endpoints, complications, adverse events, or other secondary endpoints. Hence, to make optimal treatment decisions, clinicians are interested in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yuchen Ma , Jonas Schweisthal , Hengrui Zhang , Stefan Feuerriegel

Learning robot policies that capture multimodality in the training data has been a long-standing open challenge for behavior cloning. Recent approaches tackle the problem by modeling the conditional action distribution with generative…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Andrea Rosasco , Federico Ceola , Giulia Pasquale , Lorenzo Natale

Diffusion models have become popular for policy learning in robotics due to their ability to capture high-dimensional and multimodal distributions. However, diffusion policies are stochastic and typically trained offline, limiting their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Ralf Römer , Alexander von Rohr , Angela P. Schoellig

Reinforcement learning (RL) struggles to scale to large, combinatorial action spaces common in many real-world problems. This paper introduces a novel framework for training discrete diffusion models as highly effective policies in these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Haitong Ma , Ofir Nabati , Aviv Rosenberg , Bo Dai , Oran Lang , Craig Boutilier , Na Li , Shie Mannor , Lior Shani , Guy Tenneholtz

Recent studies have shown the great potential of diffusion models in improving reinforcement learning (RL) by modeling complex policies, expressing a high degree of multi-modality, and efficiently handling high-dimensional continuous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Huiyun Jiang , Zhuang Yang

We propose a new policy representation based on score-based diffusion models (SDMs). We apply our new policy representation in the domain of Goal-Conditioned Imitation Learning (GCIL) to learn general-purpose goal-specified policies from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Moritz Reuss , Maximilian Li , Xiaogang Jia , Rudolf Lioutikov

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) can learn optimal policies from pre-collected offline datasets without interacting with the environment, but the sampled actions of the agent cannot often cover the action distribution under a given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Xuemin Hu , Shen Li , Yingfen Xu , Bo Tang , Long Chen

Discrete diffusion models have achieved success in tasks like image generation and masked language modeling but face limitations in controlled content editing. We introduce DICE (Discrete Inversion for Controllable Editing), the first…

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) presents distinct challenges as it relies solely on observational data. A central concern in this context is ensuring the safety of the learned policy by quantifying uncertainties associated with various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Xiaocong Chen , Siyu Wang , Tong Yu , Lina Yao

In offline reinforcement learning (RL), the performance of the learned policy highly depends on the quality of offline datasets. However, in many cases, the offline dataset contains very limited optimal trajectories, which poses a challenge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Guanghe Li , Yixiang Shan , Zhengbang Zhu , Ting Long , Weinan Zhang