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We propose an intuitively appealing formulation of the zero-temperature triangular lattice Ising antiferromagnet (TIAFM) on a cylinder as a model of noninteracting fermions hopping on a ring and evolving in imaginary time with pair…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-09-12 Amir Nourhani , Vincent H. Crespi , Paul E. Lammert

A layered triangular lattice with spin-1/2 ions is an ideal platform to explore highly entangled exotic states like quantum spin liquid (QSL). Here, we report a systematic in-field neutron scattering study on a perfect two-dimensional…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-07-18 Tao Xie , Jie Xing , S. E. Nikitin , S. Nishimoto , M. Brando , P. Khanenko , J. Sichelschmidt , L. D. Sanjeewa , Athena S. Sefat , A. Podlesnyak

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) host emergent, fractionalized fermionic excitations that are charge-neutral. Identifying clear experimental signatures of these excitations remains a central challenge in the field of strongly correlated systems,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-12-04 Penghao Zhu , Archisman Panigrahi , Leonid Levitov , Nandini Trivedi

We have formulated a twist operator argument for the geometrically frustrated quantum spin systems on the kagome and triangular lattices, thereby extending the application of the Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) and Oshikawa-Yamanaka-Affleck (OYA)…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-01-28 Santanu Pal , Anirban Mukherjee , Siddhartha Lal

Spangolite (Cu$_6$Al(SO$_4$)(OH)$_{12}$Cl$\cdot$3H$_2$O) is a hydroxy-hydrated copper sulfate mineral with a one-seventh depleted triangular lattice of Cu$^{2+}$ ions in each layer. Experimental measurements revealed a non-magnetic ground…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-08-18 Philipp Schmoll , Harald O. Jeschke , Yasir Iqbal

Quantum spin liquid (QSL) represents a new class of condensed matter states characterized by the long-range many-body entanglement of topological orders. The most prominent feature of the elusive QSL state is the existence of fractionalized…

Thermal signatures of fractionalized excitations are a fingerprint of quantum spin liquids (QSLs). In the $J_{eff}=1/2$ honeycomb magnet $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$, a QSL state emerges upon applying an in-plane magnetic field $H_{||}$ greater than…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-06-01 J. A. N. Bruin , R. R. Claus , Y. Matsumoto , N. Kurita , H. Tanaka , H. Takagi

Numerous experiments on pyrochlore oxides Pr$_2$(Zr, Sn, Hf, Ir)$_2$O$_7$ with non-Kramers Pr$^{3+}$ ions suggest that they support a quantum spin liquid (QSL) ground state, but the precise nature of the QSL remains unclear. Quantum spin…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-12-15 Tony An , Félix Desrochers , Yong Baek Kim

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) are long-range entangled phases of frustrated magnets exhibiting fractionalized spin excitations. In two dimensions, there is limited analytical understanding of their excitation spectra beyond parton mean-field…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-08-01 Josef Willsher , Johannes Knolle

The realization of quantum spin liquids (QSLs) in Kitaev magnets represents an intriguing topic in frustrated quantum magnetism. Despite prediction in the pure Kitaev honeycomb model, realization of QSLs in realistic systems and materials…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-09-11 Han Li , Xu-Guang Zhou , Gang Su , Wei Li

A field-induced quantum spin liquid (QSL) state is an extraordinary phenomenon, hitherto unobserved in metallic frustrated compounds. Recent bulk measurements have revealed intriguing field-induced magnetic states in metallic frustrated…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-12 I. Ishant , Z. Guguchia , V. Fritsch , O. Stockert , M. Majumder

We study triangular lattice spin-1/2 system with antiferromagnetic Heisenberg and ring exchanges using variational approach focusing on possible realization of spin liquid states. Trial spin liquid wave functions are obtained by Gutzwiller…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-10 Olexei I. Motrunich

We numerically investigate thermal entanglement of the spins (1/2,1) and (1/2,1/2) in the three-mixed (1/2,1,1/2) anisotropic Heisenberg XXZ spin system on a simple triangular cell under an inhomogeneous magnetic field. We show that the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-09-11 Seyit Deniz Han , Ekrem Aydiner

The magnetic and entanglement thermal (equilibrium) properties in spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg model on a triangulated Kagome lattice are analyzed by means of variational mean-field like treatment based on Gibbs-Bogoliubov inequality. Because…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-30 N. S. Ananikian , L. N. Ananikyan , L. A. Chakhmakhchyan , A. N. Kocharian

The quasi two-dimensional Mott insulator $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ is proximate to the sought-after Kitaev quantum spin liquid (QSL). In a layer of $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ on graphene the dominant Kitaev exchange is further enhanced by strain. Recently,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-03-24 V. Leeb , K. Polyudov , S. Mashhadi , S. Biswas , Roser Valenti , M. Burghard , J. Knolle

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) are an exotic state of matter that is subject to extensive research. However, the relationship between the ubiquitous disorder and the QSL behaviors is still unclear. Here, by performing comparative experimental…

Exotic quantum spin liquid (QSL) is formed with such hypothetic particles as fermionic spinons carrying spin 1/2 and no charge. Here we calculate its thermodynamic and relaxation properties. Our calculations unveil the fundamental…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-03-02 V. R. Shaginyan , A. Z. Msezane , K. G. Popov , G. S. Japaridze , V. A. Stephanovich

The ground state of an S=1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a spatially anisotropic triangular lattice, which is an effective model of Mott insulators on a triangular layer of organic charge transfer salts or Cs2CuCl4, is numerically…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-11-19 Kenji Harada

Three different tensor network optimization algorithms are employed to accurately determine the ground state and thermodynamic properties of the spin-3/2 kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet. We found that the $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}$ state,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-09-20 Tao Liu , Wei Li , Gang Su

Kitaev materials are of great interest due to their potential in realizing quantum spin liquid (QSL) states and applications in topological quantum computing. In the pursuit of realizing Kitaev QSL, a Mott insulator with strong…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-30 Yaozhenghang Ma , Ke Yang , Yuxuan Zhou , Hua Wu