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Multilingual speech recognition for both monolingual and code-switching speech is a challenging task. Recently, based on the Mixture of Experts (MoE), many works have made good progress in multilingual and code-switching ASR, but present…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Wenxuan Wang , Guodong Ma , Yuke Li , Binbin Du

Due to the inherent difficulty in modeling phonetic similarities across different languages, code-switching speech recognition presents a formidable challenge. This study proposes a Collaborative-MoE, a Mixture of Experts (MoE) model that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Hukai Huang , Jiayan Lin , Kaidi Wang , Yishuang Li , Wenhao Guan , Lin Li , Qingyang Hong

Recently, Mixture of Experts (MoE) based Transformer has shown promising results in many domains. This is largely due to the following advantages of this architecture: firstly, MoE based Transformer can increase model capacity without…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Zhao You , Shulin Feng , Dan Su , Dong Yu

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have shown strong multilingual capabilities, yet the internal mechanisms underlying performance gains and cross-language differences remain insufficiently understood. In this work, we conduct a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yuxin Chen , Zhengzhou Cai , Xiangtian Ji , Weixiang Zhao , An Zhang , Xiang Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Recently, mixture of experts (MoE) has become a popular paradigm for achieving the trade-off between modal capacity and efficiency of multi-modal large language models (MLLMs). Different from previous efforts, we are dedicated to exploring…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Qiong Wu , Zhaoxi Ke , Yiyi Zhou , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji

Optimizing various wireless user tasks poses a significant challenge for networking systems because of the expanding range of user requirements. Despite advancements in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), the need for customized optimization…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Hongyang Du , Guangyuan Liu , Yijing Lin , Dusit Niyato , Jiawen Kang , Zehui Xiong , Dong In Kim

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have become the key to scaling modern LLMs, yet little is understood about how their sparse routing dynamics respond to multilingual data. In this work, we analyze expert routing patterns using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Lucas Bandarkar , Chenyuan Yang , Mohsen Fayyaz , Junlin Hu , Nanyun Peng

Mixture-of-experts (MoE) architectures have expanded from language modeling to automatic speech recognition (ASR). Traditional MoE methods, such as the Switch Transformer, route experts independently within each layer. Our analysis reveals…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Zijin Gu , Tatiana Likhomanenko , Navdeep Jaitly

The sparsely-gated Mixture of Experts (MoE) can magnify a network capacity with a little computational complexity. In this work, we investigate how multi-lingual Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) networks can be scaled up with a simple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Kenichi Kumatani , Robert Gmyr , Felipe Cruz Salinas , Linquan Liu , Wei Zuo , Devang Patel , Eric Sun , Yu Shi

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has emerged as an effective approach to reduce the computational overhead of Transformer architectures by sparsely activating a subset of parameters for each token while preserving high model capacity. This paradigm…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Dohwan Ko , Jinyoung Park , Seoung Choi , Sanghyeok Lee , Seohyun Lee , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great promise in multilingual machine translation (MT), even with limited bilingual supervision. However, fine-tuning LLMs with parallel corpora presents major challenges, namely parameter…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Bo Li , Tianyu Dong , Shaolin Zhu , Deyi Xiong

High inter-class similarity, extreme scale variation, and limited computational budgets hinder reliable visual recognition across diverse real-world data. Existing vision-centric and cross-modal approaches often rely on rigid fusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Qinghui Chen , Zekai Zhang , Zaigui Zhang , Kai Zhang , Dagang Li , Wenmin Wang , Jinglin Zhang , Cong Liu

Recently, the Mixture of Expert (MoE) architecture, such as LR-MoE, is often used to alleviate the impact of language confusion on the multilingual ASR (MASR) task. However, it still faces language confusion issues, especially in mismatched…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Guodong Ma , Wenxuan Wang , Lifeng Zhou , Yuting Yang , Yuke Li , Binbin Du

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have emerged as a powerful paradigm for scaling neural networks while maintaining computational efficiency. However, standard MoE implementations rely on two rigid design assumptions: (1) fixed Top-K…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Gökdeniz Gülmez

Transformer-based Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have been driving several recent technological advancements in Natural Language Processing (NLP). These MoE models adopt a router mechanism to determine which experts to activate for routing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Maryam Akhavan Aghdam , Hongpeng Jin , Yanzhao Wu

Recently, to mitigate the confusion between different languages in code-switching (CS) automatic speech recognition (ASR), the conditionally factorized models, such as the language-aware encoder (LAE), explicitly disregard the contextual…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Guodong Ma , Wenxuan Wang , Yuke Li , Yuting Yang , Binbin Du , Haoran Fu

In this work, we propose a Switch-Conformer-based MoE system named SC-MoE for unified streaming and non-streaming code-switching (CS) automatic speech recognition (ASR), where we design a streaming MoE layer consisting of three language…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Shuaishuai Ye , Shunfei Chen , Xinhui Hu , Xinkang Xu

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have demonstrated exceptional performance in large-scale language models. Existing routers typically rely on non-differentiable Top-$k$+Softmax, limiting their performance and scalability. We argue that two…

Combining existing pre-trained expert LLMs is a promising avenue for scalably tackling large-scale and diverse tasks. However, selecting task-level experts is often too coarse-grained, as heterogeneous tasks may require different expertise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Justin Chih-Yao Chen , Sukwon Yun , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Tianlong Chen , Mohit Bansal

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models are widely used to scale language models, yet their expert routing behavior and adaptation in a multilingual setting remain underexplored. In this work, we study multilingual routing dynamics during continual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Aditi Khandelwal , Marius Mosbach , Verna Dankers , Siva Reddy , Golnoosh Farnadi
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