Related papers: Solid-State Diffusion: An Introduction
Diffusion models, a powerful and universal generative AI technology, have achieved tremendous success in computer vision, audio, reinforcement learning, and computational biology. In these applications, diffusion models provide flexible…
Flocculation is the process whereby particles (i.e., flocs) in suspension reversibly combine and separate. The process is widespread in soft matter and aerosol physics as well as environmental science and engineering. We consider a general…
This article presents a theoretical framework for enhancing nuclear fusion rates in solid-state environments under near-ambient conditions. Drawing on quantum tunneling, electron screening, and resonance energy transfer, the study proposes…
Many systems in nature exhibit transitions between fluid-like states and solid-like states, or "jamming transitions". There is a strong theoretical foundation for understanding equilibrium phase transitions that involve solidification, or…
Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to study frictional slip and its influence on energy dissipation and momentum transfer at atomically smooth solid/water interfaces. By modifying surface chemistry, we investigate the…
Dislocations play a key role in the understanding of many phenomena in solid state physics, materials science, crystallography and engineering. Dislocations are line defects producing distortions and self-stresses in an otherwise perfect…
Density functional perturbation theory is a well-established method to study responses of molecules and solids, especially responses to atomic displacements or to different perturbing fields (electric, magnetic). Like for density functional…
The coupling of sediment transport with the flow that drives it allows rivers to shape their own bed. Cross-stream fluxes of sediment play a crucial, yet poorly understood, role in this process. Here, we track particles in a laboratory…
We study the one-dimensional diffusion process which takes place between two reflecting boundaries and which is acted upon by a time-dependent and spatially-constant force. The assumed force possesses both the harmonically oscillating and…
The study of those rapidity gap processes where a large momentum is transferred across the rapidity gap provides an ideal opportunity to understand the gap producing mechanism wholly within the framework of QCD perturbation theory. The…
Two phase solid-fluid mixture models are ubiquitous in biological applications. For instance, models for growth of tissues and biofilms combine time dependent and quasi-stationary boundary value problems set in domains whose boundary moves…
A multi-phase-field model for the description of the discontinuous precipitation reaction is formulated which takes into account surface diffusion along grain boundaries and interfaces as well as volume diffusion. Simulations reveal that…
The side-wall pressure distribution in static silos is an important and open problem related to storage safety of granular materials. Referring to Lvin's theory [Powder Technology 4, 280 (1971)] and Rodolfo's 2D numerical result [Phys. Rev.…
We review the present state of understanding of solid friction at low velocities and for systems with negligibly small wear effects. We first analyze in detail the behavior of friction at interfaces between wacroscopic hard rough solids,…
Understanding heat transfer in composite materials is essential for optimizing their performance in critical applications across industries such as aerospace, automotive, renewable energy, and construction. This review offers a…
The solidification of metallic droplets into powder particles involves a complex interplay between heat diffusion, surface tension, and geometric constraints. In confined, curved systems -- such as those encountered in atomisation,…
A rich variety of amorphous solids are found in nature and technology, including ones formed via the vulcanization of long, flexible molecules. A special class -- those featuring a wide gap between the long timescales over which constraints…
We briefly review the state-of-the-art in phase-field modeling of microstructure evolution. The focus is placed on recent applications of phase-field simulations of solid-state microstructure evolution and solidification that have been…
Deeper insight leads to better practice. We show how the study of the foundations of quantum mechanics has led to new pictures of open systems and to a method of computation which is practical and can be used where others cannot. We…
It is known from both experiments and molecular dynamics simulations that chemically patterning a solid surface has an effect on the flow of an adjacent liquid. This fact is in stark contrast with predictions of classical fluid mechanics…